[M2]: 7 Nucleic Acids

n base + sugar + phosphate

nucleotides

cytosine, uracil, thymine

pyrimidine

aka protein coding RNA

mRNA

most abundant RNA 80%

rRNA

smallest RNA which transfers amino acids

tRNA

which of the ff is NOT base of DNA?

U

location of DNA

nucleus and mitochondria

most abundant, hydrated, and stable DNA

B-DNA

rare left handed sleeping DNA

Z-DNA

unwinding and breaking the strands

denaturation

it occurs in the S-phase in the cell cyle that is DNA directed DNA synthesis

replication

topoisomerases

prevents supercoiling

cleaves 1 strand

swivelase

bidirectional (5’ to 3’ and 3’ to 5’)

replication

removal of primers and repair (5’ to 3’ exonyclease activity)

DNA polymerase I

5’ to 3’ polymerase activity

elongation

characteristics:

unidirectional (5’ to 3’)

lower fidelity compared to replication

RNA polymerase performs majority of the process

transcription

coding

exons

RNA directed protein synthesis that activates tRNA

translation

inhibited by alpha-amanitin from amanita phalloides (deathcap mushroom)

mRNA

alteration in one base only using transition and transversion

point mutations