Studied by 55 people
tutaj są tylko najważniejsze słówka!
Academic Integrity
Definition: Academic integrity refers to the ethical principles and values that govern scholarly activities, including honesty, fairness, and responsibility in academic pursuits.
Example: Upholding academic integrity requires students to submit their own work, cite sources accurately, and adhere to academic standards to avoid plagiarism.
Online Proctoring
Definition: Online proctoring is a method used in remote assessments to monitor test-takers' activities, ensuring academic integrity by preventing cheating.
Example: During online exams, proctoring software may monitor students via webcam and screen recording to detect any unauthorized behavior.
Remote Assessment
Definition: Remote assessment refers to the evaluation of students' knowledge or skills conducted at a distance, typically using digital tools and online platforms.
Example: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many educational institutions have shifted to remote assessment methods to conduct exams and assignments online.
Ethical Practices
Definition: Ethical practices refer to behaviors and actions that adhere to moral principles and standards, promoting honesty, integrity, and fairness in all endeavors.
Example: In academia, ethical practices include properly attributing sources, respecting intellectual property rights, and conducting research with integrity.
Technological Glitches
Definition: Technological glitches are unexpected errors or malfunctions in digital systems or devices, disrupting normal operations or functionality.
Example: During an online exam, a technological glitch such as a sudden internet outage or software crash can disrupt the testing process and cause inconvenience to students.
Information Security
Definition: Information security involves protecting digital information and data from unauthorized access, disclosure, alteration, or destruction, ensuring confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
Example: Educational institutions employ robust cybersecurity measures to safeguard student records, research data, and sensitive information from cyber threats.
Exam Monitoring
Definition: Exam monitoring refers to the process of supervising and overseeing test-takers during examinations to ensure compliance with rules, prevent cheating, and maintain the integrity of assessments.
Example: Proctors or invigilators may monitor exams in-person or remotely via video surveillance to deter academic dishonesty.
Curb Dishonesty
Definition: To curb dishonesty means to restrain or reduce dishonest behavior, especially in academic contexts, through preventive measures or interventions.
Example: Educational institutions implement academic integrity policies and provide ethics education to curb dishonesty among students.
Online Assessment Environment:
Definition: The online assessment environment encompasses the digital platform or space where remote assessments, such as exams or quizzes, are conducted.
Example: A secure online assessment environment may include features such as lockdown browsers, plagiarism detection software, and proctoring tools to maintain integrity.
Assessment Reliability
Definition: Assessment reliability refers to the consistency and stability of measurement outcomes, indicating the degree to which assessments yield dependable and reproducible results.
Example: A reliable exam should produce similar scores for individuals who possess equivalent knowledge or skills, regardless of when or how the test is administered.
Accessible Technology
Definition: Accessible technology refers to digital tools, devices, or software designed to accommodate individuals with disabilities, ensuring equal access and usability for all users.
Example: Screen readers, captioning features, and adaptive input devices are examples of accessible technology that enable individuals with disabilities to access digital content and participate in online assessments.
Online Exam Conditions
Definition: Online exam conditions refer to the specific circumstances, regulations, and protocols established for conducting digital assessments remotely, including technical requirements, proctoring procedures, and time constraints.
Example: Students must adhere to online exam conditions, such as disabling additional browser tabs and maintaining a quiet testing environment, to ensure the integrity of the assessment process.
Academic Misconduct
Definition: Academic misconduct encompasses any dishonest or unethical behavior that violates academic integrity standards, such as cheating, plagiarism, or fabrication of data.
Example: Submitting a paper written by someone else as one's own work constitutes academic misconduct and may result in disciplinary action.
Cheating Prevention
Definition: Cheating prevention refers to strategies, measures, and interventions implemented to deter and mitigate dishonest behaviors in academic settings, aiming to uphold academic integrity and ensure fair evaluation.
Example: Utilizing plagiarism detection software and employing proctoring technologies are common methods for cheating prevention during online assessments.
Assessment Validity
Definition: Assessment validity refers to the extent to which a test measures what it intends to measure and accurately assesses the intended learning outcomes or constructs.
Example: A language proficiency test is considered valid if it accurately evaluates a test-taker's ability to understand, speak, read, and write in a specific language.
Code of Conduct
Definition: A code of conduct is a set of rules, principles, or ethical guidelines that outline expected behaviors, responsibilities, and standards of conduct for individuals or groups within an organization or community.
Example: Universities often have a code of conduct outlining expected behaviors, academic integrity standards, and disciplinary procedures for students and faculty.
Plagiarism Detection Software
Definition: Plagiarism detection software is a tool used to identify instances of plagiarism by comparing submitted texts against a database of existing academic and online content.
Example: Turnitin and SafeAssign are popular plagiarism detection software programs used by educational institutions to check for unoriginal content in student submissions.
Reallocation
Definition: Reallocation refers to the redistribution or reassignment of resources, funds, or responsibilities to different areas or purposes, often to address changing needs or priorities.
Example: The university administration approved the reallocation of budgetary funds from non-essential programs to support online learning initiatives during the pandemic
Inattentional Blindness
Definition: Inattentional blindness is a psychological phenomenon in which individuals fail to notice or perceive unexpected stimuli or events in their environment due to their attention being focused elsewhere.
Example: In a famous experiment, participants tasked with counting basketball passes often failed to notice a person in a gorilla suit walking across the screen, demonstrating inattentional blindness.
Bottleneck
Definition: A bottleneck refers to a point of congestion or restriction in a system or process that limits the flow or efficiency of operations, often causing delays or inefficiencies.
Example: Limited server capacity can create a bottleneck during peak times, slowing down access to online resources for users.
Subsequently
Definition: Subsequently means afterward or following a particular event, action, or point in time.
Example: After completing their undergraduate degree, the student subsequently pursued a master's degree in their field of study.
Screen Out Criticism
Definition: To screen out criticism means to ignore or dismiss unfavorable feedback or objections, often to avoid confronting or addressing underlying issues.
Example: The company's management chose to screen out criticism from dissatisfied customers rather than addressing the quality issues with their product.
Performance Review
Definition: A performance review is a formal assessment or evaluation of an individual's job performance, typically conducted by a supervisor or employer to provide feedback, set goals, and make decisions regarding compensation or advancement.
Example: Employees undergo an annual performance review to assess their contributions, strengths, and areas for improvement within the organization.
Fast-Track
Definition: Fast-track refers to an accelerated or expedited process or program that allows individuals to progress more quickly than usual, often bypassing certain requirements or stages.
Example: The university offers a fast-track option for students to complete their degrees in less time by taking intensive courses during the summer sessions.
Mastery of Highly Specialized Expertise
Definition: Mastery of highly specialized expertise refers to achieving a high level of proficiency and knowledge in a specific and narrow field or subject area.
Example: The Nobel laureate demonstrated mastery of highly specialized expertise in quantum mechanics through groundbreaking research in the field.
(Receive) Accolades
Definition: Accolades refer to expressions of praise, admiration, or recognition bestowed upon someone for their achievements, contributions, or qualities.
Example: The acclaimed author received numerous accolades, including literary awards and critical acclaim, for her debut novel.
Bad-Mouthing
Definition: Bad-mouthing clients involves speaking negatively about or disparaging clients, often behind their backs or in a derogatory manner.
Example: Engaging in bad-mouthing clients can damage professional relationships and tarnish a company's reputation in the industry.
Alienate
Definition: To alienate the client means to cause the client to feel isolated, estranged, or disengaged, often as a result of actions or behaviors that create distance or dissatisfaction.
Example: Constantly missing deadlines and delivering subpar work can alienate the client and lead to the termination of the business relationship.
(Remarkably) Impervious to (Conflicting Points of View)
Definition: Impervious to conflicting points of view means unaffected or resistant to alternative perspectives, opinions, or criticism.
Example: Despite receiving feedback from multiple stakeholders, the stubborn manager remained remarkably impervious to conflicting points of view, insisting on their own approach.
Short-Circuit (Learning)
Definition: To short-circuit learning means to disrupt or hinder the natural process of learning by bypassing critical thinking or understanding, often by relying on shortcuts or memorization.
Example: Rote memorization of facts and formulas can short-circuit learning, preventing students from developing deep conceptual understanding and critical thinking skills.
A Propensity (to Feel Shame and Guilt)
Definition: A propensity to feel shame and guilt refers to a tendency or inclination to experience strong feelings of remorse, regret, or self-reproach in response to perceived wrongdoing or moral transgressions.
Example: People with a strong propensity to feel shame and guilt may struggle with low self-esteem and psychological distress when faced with criticism or failure.
(A High Sense of) Despondency
Definition: Despondency refers to a state of low spirits, hopelessness, or despair, often accompanied by feelings of sadness, discouragement, or resignation.
Example: After experiencing a series of setbacks, the entrepreneur sank into a high sense of despondency, doubting their ability to overcome challenges and achieve success.
To No Avail
Definition: To no avail means without achieving the desired result or outcome, despite efforts or attempts made.
Example: The team tried various marketing strategies, but to no avail, as sales continued to decline.
Perception
Definition: Perception refers to the process of interpreting, organizing, and making sense of sensory information received from the environment, influencing how individuals understand and interact with the world.
Example: The artist's abstract paintings challenge viewers' perception of reality by playing with color, form, and perspective.
Stance
Definition: A stance is a position, viewpoint, or attitude adopted towards a particular issue, topic, or debate, often reflecting one's beliefs, values, or interests.
Example: The politician clarified her stance on environmental conservation during the debate, advocating for stricter regulations to combat climate change.
Paradigm Shift
Definition: A paradigm shift refers to a fundamental change in the underlying assumptions, beliefs, or conceptual frameworks that guide thinking, understanding, or practices within a particular field or discipline.
Example: The discovery of the heliocentric model by Copernicus led to a paradigm shift in astronomy, replacing the geocentric model and revolutionizing our understanding of the solar system.
The Humanities
Definition: The humanities encompass academic disciplines that study human culture, society, history, language, literature, philosophy, and the arts, emphasizing critical inquiry, interpretation, and understanding of human experiences.
Example: Courses in the humanities explore topics such as literature, history, and philosophy to foster a deeper understanding of human values, beliefs, and creativity.
Profound
Definition: Profound means having deep insight, significance, or wisdom, often eliciting strong emotional or intellectual responses due to its depth or complexity.
Example: The philosopher's lectures on existentialism offered profound reflections on the nature of existence and the human condition.
Moral
Definition: Moral refers to principles, values, or standards of right and wrong behavior, ethics, or conduct that guide individuals' actions and judgments regarding what is considered morally acceptable or permissible.
Example: Ethical dilemmas often involve conflicting moral principles, requiring individuals to make decisions based on their personal values and beliefs.
Grounding
Definition: Grounding refers to providing a solid foundation or basis for understanding, belief, or action, often through education, experience, or reflection.
Example: A strong grounding in mathematics and logic is essential for success in fields such as computer science and engineering.
A Glossary
Definition: A glossary is a specialized list of terms, words, or phrases, often accompanied by definitions or explanations, intended to assist readers in understanding the language or terminology used within a particular subject, field, or text.
Connotations
Definition: Connotations refer to the implied meanings, associations, or emotional overtones that words, phrases, or symbols carry beyond their literal definitions, influenced by cultural, social, or personal contexts.
Example: The word "home" may have connotations of warmth, security, and belonging for some people, while evoking feelings of nostalgia or longing for others.
To Denote
Definition: To denote means to indicate, signify, or represent something explicitly or directly by using a particular word, symbol, or expression to convey its specific meaning or identity.
Example: In mathematical notation, the symbol "+" is used to denote addition, while "-" denotes subtraction.
Reputable
Definition: Reputable describes someone or something that is respected, trusted, and held in high regard due to their integrity, reliability, or quality.
Example: The university's computer science program is well-regarded and reputable for producing skilled graduates
Ubiquitous
Definition: Ubiquitous means being present or found everywhere, pervasive across various locations or situations.
Example: Smartphones have become ubiquitous in modern society, with nearly everyone owning or having access to one.
Deleterious
Definition: Deleterious refers to something harmful, damaging, or detrimental to health, well-being, or functioning.
Example: The excessive use of pesticides has had deleterious effects on the environment, leading to the decline of insect populations and biodiversity.
Social Stigma
Definition: Social stigma refers to negative attitudes, beliefs, or stereotypes associated with certain characteristics, traits, or conditions, leading to social rejection, discrimination, or marginalization of individuals or groups.
Example: There is still a social stigma surrounding mental illness, leading many people to avoid seeking help or disclosing their condition due to fear of judgment or discrimination.
Ample
Definition: more than enough
Example: Both workshops will allow ample time for questions.
Feasible
Definition: Feasible means capable of being done, achieved, or implemented under existing conditions or constraints, practical or realistic.
Example: The proposed project is financially feasible and technologically viable, according to the feasibility study conducted by the engineering team.
Qualitative
Definition: Qualitative refers to information, data, or research methods that focus on qualities, characteristics, descriptions, or subjective experiences rather than numerical or quantitative measurements.
Example: The ethnographic study employed qualitative research methods such as interviews and participant observation to explore cultural practices and social dynamics within the community.
Quantitative
Definition: Quantitative refers to information, data, or research methods that involve numerical or measurable values, allowing for precise analysis, comparison, or statistical inference.
Example: The survey collected quantitative data on participants' age, income, and education level to analyze demographic trends.
Plausible
Definition: Plausible describes something that is believable, credible, or reasonable based on available evidence, logic, or common sense.
Example: The detective considered several plausible explanations for the crime, weighing the evidence and motives of the suspects.
Fallacy
Definition: Fallacy refers to a mistaken belief, misconception, or faulty reasoning that leads to an incorrect conclusion or argument.
Example: The ad hominem fallacy occurs when someone attacks the person making an argument rather than addressing the argument itself.
Exacerbate
Definition: Exacerbate means to make a problem, situation, or condition worse or more severe, often by intensifying or aggravating existing factors.
Example: The economic downturn exacerbated unemployment rates, leading to increased financial hardship for many families.
Supplant
Definition: Supplant means to replace or displace something or someone, often by taking their place or assuming their role or function.
Example: The rise of digital media has supplanted traditional print newspapers as the primary source of news for many people.
Phubbing
Definition: Phubbing refers to the practice of ignoring or snubbing someone in a social setting by focusing on one's smartphone or other mobile device instead of engaging in conversation or interaction.
Example: Despite being surrounded by friends at the dinner table, Jane's constant phubbing made them feel ignored and unimportant.
Pertinent
Definition: relating directly to the subject being considered; RELEVANT
Example: Chapter One is pertinent to the post-war period.
Pertinent
Definition: Pertinent means relevant, applicable, or directly related to a particular topic, issue, or context.
Example: The lawyer's questions were pertinent to the case, focusing on key details that could influence the outcome of the tri
Targeted
Definition: Targeted refers to actions, strategies, or efforts directed towards a specific goal, objective, audience, or outcome.
Example: The marketing campaign employed targeted advertising to reach potential customers based on their demographics, interests, and online behavior.
Ideation
Definition: Ideation refers to the process of generating, developing, or formulating ideas, concepts, or solutions through creative or analytical thinking.
Example: The brainstorming session encouraged team members to engage in ideation to generate innovative solutions to the problem.
Contend
Definition: Contend means to assert, argue, or compete with others for a position, claim, or outcome.
Example: The two candidates will contend for the presidency in the upcoming election, each presenting their vision and policies to voters.
Conducive
Definition: Conducive describes conditions, environments, or factors that are favorable or conducive to the achievement of a particular outcome or goal.
Example: A quiet and well-lit study space is conducive to concentration and academic success.
Longhand
Definition: Longhand refers to writing by hand using complete words and sentences, as opposed to shorthand or abbreviated notation.
Example: The student took notes in longhand during the lecture, capturing key points and explanations in their own words.
Snub
Definition: Snub means to ignore, reject, or slight someone deliberately or disdainfully, often by refusing to acknowledge their presence or importance.
Example: Despite his years of loyal service, the manager felt snubbed when he was not invited to the company's anniversary celebration.
Pervasive
Definition: Pervasive means widespread, prevalent, or existing everywhere, often having a strong influence or effect across a wide range of areas or domains.
Example: The pervasive use of social media has transformed how people communicate, interact, and consume information
To Spawn
Definition: To spawn means to give rise to, generate, or produce something, often referring to the creation or emergence of new ideas, trends, or phenomena.
Example: The invention of the internet spawned a revolution in information technology and communication.
Iteration
Definition: Iteration refers to the process of repeating or revising a procedure, task, or design multiple times in order to achieve improvement, refinement, or optimization.
Example: The software development team engaged in iterative testing and feedback cycles to refine the user interface and enhance usability.
Prevalence
Definition: Prevalence refers to the proportion or percentage of a population that exhibits a particular trait, condition, or behavior at a specific point in time.
Example: The prevalence of obesity has increased significantly in recent years, posing a major public health challenge worldwide.
Increment
Definition: Increment refers to a small, gradual increase or addition in quantity, value, or extent, often occurring sequentially or cumulatively.
Example: The employee received a salary increment in recognition of her hard work and dedication to the company.
Proxy
Definition: Proxy refers to a person, entity, or instrument authorized to act on behalf of another, often representing their interests, rights, or authority.
Example: Shareholders may appoint a proxy to vote on their behalf at the annual general meeting if they are unable to attend in person.
Attribute
Definition: Attribute refers to a characteristic, quality, or feature that is inherent or ascribed to someone or something, often defining its identity, nature, or function.
Example: Intelligence is often regarded as an important attribute for success in academic and professional pursuits.
Intrinsic
Definition: Intrinsic describes something that is inherent, essential, or fundamental to the nature or character of someone or something, existing naturally or as an integral part.
Example: The artist's intrinsic talent for painting was evident from a young age, as she effortlessly captured the beauty of landscapes and portraits.
Note 
Flashcard (95)