B1.1 cell structures

Name some examples of prokaryotes

Bacteria

Name some examples of eukaryotic cells

Plant cells (palisade), animal cells

State the main difference in the structures found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

Prokaryotic cells have one long circular chromosome and they also contain plasmids; eukaryotic cells do not contain them.

Nucleus

Contains genetic information which controls the cells activity

Cell membrane

A selective barrier. Controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell. Contains receptor proteins.

Ribosomes

Where protein synthesis happens

Mitochondria

Where most energy is released in respiration. Contains the enzymes for respiration.

Cytoplasm

Where most of the chemical reactions happen. Contains many types of enzyme.

Permanent vacuole

Filled with cell sap to help keep the cell turgid.

Chloroplast

Absorb light energy for photosynthesis

Cell wall

Strengthens the cell and supports the plant

Eukaryotic cells

Cells that have a nucleus, plant and animal cells are eukaryotic cells.