national government exam 3 study guide (urs)

Which of the following must confirm all federal judges?

The Senate must confirm all federal judges as required by the Constitution.

Why is it necessary for presidents to act as party leaders in order to accomplish their policy goals?

Presidents need to act as party leaders because members of Congress from their party cannot always be counted on to support their agenda.

Which court hears appeals directly from federal independent regulatory commissions?

The U.S. Courts of Appeals hear appeals directly from federal independent regulatory commissions.

Which of the following is a "rally event"?

A rally event is when a president's popularity surges

What was Watergate?

Watergate was the scandal involving illegal activities by Nixon's administration that led to his resignation under the threat of impeachment.

Which case would the Supreme Court be most likely to hear on appeal from a state court?

The Supreme Court is most likely to hear cases that involve a federal question.

Why did Congress enact the War Powers Resolution?

Congress enacted the War Powers Resolution to give itself a greater voice in the decision to introduce U.S. troops into hostilities.

What tool allows presidents to make regulations regarding how legislation will be implemented and carries the force of law?

Executive orders allow presidents to regulate how legislation will be implemented and carry the force of law.

What is one reason that there are not more women in Congress?

Fewer women are in Congress because structural and societal barriers make it harder for them to run and succeed.

In the House of Representatives

who is the Speaker's primary partisan ally?

Which is a constitutional power that the president shares with the Senate?

The president shares the power to make treaties with the Senate

Which statement best describes the roles played by Congress and/or the president in making national security policy?

The president leads national security policymaking

Which action is the most efficient and effective way for a president to shape legislation?

Threatening to veto legislation is the most efficient way for a president to influence Congress to shape legislation.

Why has the power and responsibility of the presidency increased?

The presidency has gained power due to the increased prominence of the United States on the world stage.

Why do presidents need to gain support for their policies from officials in the other branches of government instead of enacting them outright?

Presidents need support from other branches because the Constitution established a system of shared powers.

How is a president different from a prime minister?

Presidents are elected directly by voters

How are legislative courts different from constitutional courts?

Legislative courts cannot exercise judicial review

Which statement best summarizes the public's view of Congress?

Individual members of Congress often satisfy their constituents

Members of Congress are generally __ than the general population.

Members of Congress are generally wealthier than the general population.

When might someone be particularly concerned about an expansion of presidential power?

Concerns about presidential power often arise when someone opposes the president's agenda.

Which of the following would increase turnover in congressional membership?

Term limits increase turnover in congressional membership by preventing incumbents from holding office indefinitely.

The Supreme Court issues __

which are essentially written statements containing the legal reasoning behind the Court's decisions.

Which of the following is written by a justice who voted with the majority but has an alternative legal basis for the decision?

A concurring opinion is written by a justice who agrees with the majority decision but for different legal reasons.

Which is the most common characteristic of U.S. presidents?

Most U.S. presidents have been Protestant.

What is the role of the National Security Council?

The National Security Council coordinates the president's foreign and military policy advisers.

Which statement best describes Americans' expectation about their presidents?

Americans expect presidents to be powerful enough to do good but dislike the concentration of too much power in the office.

Some believe that legislators should act as __ who use their best judgment to make policy in the interests of the people.

Trustees use their best judgment to make policy for the public's interest.

Which task is an example of casework?

Casework is helping a constituent resolve a problem with a government agency

Which judicial power belongs to the president?

The president nominates federal judges

Which of the following persons would be eligible to be a member of the U.S. House of Representatives?

A person must be at least 25 years old and a U.S. citizen for at least 7 years to serve in the House.

The Act requires the president to seek Congressional approval before committing troops to combat.

The War Powers Resolution requires the president to seek congressional approval before committing troops to combat.

The highest court in the United States is the _.

The U.S. Supreme Court is the highest court in the United States.

The process by which a president can be removed from office by Congress is called .

Impeachment is the process by which Congress can remove a president from office.

The Amendment limits the president to two terms in office.

The 22nd Amendment limits the president to two terms in office.

Each district court has between and judges.

Each federal district court has between 2 and 28 judges

There are _ judicial circuits in the U.S. Courts of Appeals.

There are 13 judicial circuits in the U.S. Courts of Appeals.

The president's power to receive ambassadors from other nations confers recognition on those governments.

Receiving ambassadors gives the president diplomatic recognition of foreign governments.

In elections with an __ seat

the most turnover in congressional membership occurs.

Members of Congress receive an annual salary of $_ along with generous retirement and health benefits.

Members of Congress receive an annual salary of $174

_ cases pertain to statutes or common law and involve disputes between two private parties.

Civil cases involve disputes between private parties under statutes or common law.

Explain the concept of judicial activism versus judicial restraint.

Judicial activism occurs when judges actively shape policy and expand rights

Assess the role of the First Lady and how it has evolved over time.

The First Lady serves as an advisor and public figure

How do wave elections impact the composition and functioning of Congress?

Wave elections shift the balance of power by giving one party large gains

Discuss the impact of the judiciary on civil liberties and civil rights.

The judiciary protects civil liberties and civil rights by interpreting the Constitution and limiting government actions that infringe on freedoms.

Describe the key components of the judicial decision-making process.

Judicial decision-making involves interpreting the law and Constitution