FTCC FSE-118 Embalming Anatomy Midterm 2023 {Not Mine}

Hypochondriac Right

Name the region represented by A

Epigastric

Name the region represented by B

Hypochondriac Left

Name the region represented by C

Lumbar Right

Name the region represented by D

Umbilical

Name the region represented by E

Lumbar Left

Name the region represented by F

Iliac/Inguinal Right

Name the region represented by G

Hypogastric

Name the region represented by H

Iliac/Inguinal Left

Name the region represented by I

Cuts the body from front to back, resulting in right and left parts

Sagittal plane

Divides the body into two equal or symmetrical halves -- mainly used to define the position of an organ in the body

Mid-Sagittal or Median plane

Cuts the body from side to side, at right angles to the median plane, and results in front and back parts of the body

Frontal or Coronal plane

Cuts the body horizontally, or crosswise, and results in upper and lower body parts

Horizontal/Transverse/Cross plane

Type of connective tissue for storing fat

Adipose tissue

Mitochondria

The power plant of the cell

Refers to something located TOWARD the midline or median plane

Medial

Refers to something AWAY from the median plane or towards the sides of the body/body part

Lateral

Refers to something toward the HEAD or UPPER part of the body

Superior/Cranial/Cephalic

Refers to the "tail" or LOWER part of the body

Inferior/Caudal

Toward the FRONT of the body

Anterior/Ventral

Toward the BACK of the body

Posterior/Dorsal

Toward the INTERIOR or center of the body -- AWAY from the surface

Deep/Central/Internal

Toward the SURFACE or edges of the body

Superficial/External/Peripheral

Refers to organs contained within the body cavities

Visceral

Refers to the walls of a body cavity

Parietal

Refers to something located TOWARD or CLOSER TO the point of attachment of a limb to the trunk of the body

Proximal

Refers to something located FARTHER AWAY from the point of attachment of a limb to the trunk of the body

Distal

Body lying FACE DOWN (palms down)

Prone

Body lying FACE UP (palms up)

Supine

Outer layer of skin, composed primarily of epithelial tissue laying on top of a layer of connective tissue -- contains melanin cells, hair, and nails

Epidermis

Inner layer of skin, composed primarily of connective tissue -- contains small blood vessels, lymph vessels, nerves of the skin, sebaceous (oil) glands, sudoriferous (sweat) glands, and ceruminous ("ear wax") glands

Dermis

Pores

What is the opening of the sudoriferous glands called?

An intricate, structural arrangement of circular rings of tissue that contain bone cells, hardened intercellular substances, and numerous minute canals for blood vessels

What do the Haversian Systems contain?

Periosteum

The membrane covering compact bone is called ________.

Process

The projection or outgrowth of bone is called _______.

Antrum or Sinus

A cavity within a bone is called _______.

Embedded between the cranial bones

Where are sutural bones located?

Just above the nasal bones, between the medial ends of the eyebrows

Where is the glabella located?

The superior, lateral projection that articulates with the clavicle and the coracoid process

What is the acromion part of?

Bending a body part or decreasing the angle of two bones -- the muscles involved would be called "flexors"

What is flexion?

A prime mover, or the muscle(s) responsible for a desired action

What is an agonist?

Sternocleidomastoideus, named because it is attached at its origin to the STERNUM and the CLAVICLE, and is inserted on the MASTOID PROCESS of the TEMPORAL BONE, just behind the earlobe

A muscle named for its points of attachment

The Achilles tendon

What is the gastrocnemius commonly known as?

Adductor longus or adductor magnus

What muscle would help me locate a femoral artery?

Ilium, ischium, pubis, acetabulum, sacrum, coccyx

What makes up the Os Coxa?

Inferior, deep

Where do the internal obliques lie in relation to the external obliques?

At angles down the anterior lateral part of the abdomen

How do the muscle fibers of the rectus abdominus run?

The end of a muscle which is attached to the less moveable, or "fixed", bone is called the ORIGIN, and the end of a muscle which is attached to the more moveable is called the INSERTION

What is the origin of a muscle and where is it attached?

Diaphragm

What muscle will increase chest capacity for breathing?

Insulin (endocrine secretion) and pancreatic juice (exocrine secretion)

What does the pancreas produce?

Mouth to anal canal -- includes the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, and the anus

What makes up the alimentary tract?

Appendix

What vestigial organ has no known function?

One layer is arranged in circular rings around the tube and the other in longitudinal fashion

The muscle fibers of the intestinal tract run in which direction?

The throat, specifically the nasopharynx

What are the eustachian tubes connected to?

The valve at the exit from the stomach

What is the pyloric sphincter?

When no digestive activity is occurring, the bile produced by the liver backs up into the gallbladder, which stores it for later use

What is the function of the gallbladder?

Grooved muscles inside the stomach

What are the rugae?

An extension of the visceral peritoneum surrounding the stomach and transverse colon, and hangs down like an apron covering over the intestines

What is the greater omentum?

The mouth

What is the external opening of the alimentary tract?

The ureters

What carries waste from the kidneys to the urinary bladder?

The hilum or hilus

What is the point in which the blood vessels enter the kidney?

Medulla

What is the inner layer of the kidney called?

Oogenesis, egg formation -> mature eggs within the ovary are contained within the Graafian follicle -> menstrual period, 1-5 days, epithelial lining of the uterus is shed -> one Graafian follicle erupts through the wall of the ovary during the post menstrual phase (6-13), OVULATION -> ovum migrates into fallopian tubes -> per-menstrual phase (15-28), the uterine lining anticipates implantation, endometrium grows thicker-> if spermatozoa are present, fertilization MAY occur and pregnancy begins -> if fertilization does NOT occur, hormone levels drop and after day 28, another menstrual phase begins

Trace the path of human eggs as they travel through the reproductive system

Suspended from the lower anterior pelvic wall outside of the abdominal-pelvic cavity

Where are the testes located?

A tiny, sac-like structure containing a mature ovum, which erupts through the wall of the ovary on day 14 of the post-menstrual phase in a process called ovulation

What is the Graafian follicle?

Empties semen into the urethra

What does the ejaculatory duct do?

The portion of the mouth between the teeth, lips, and cheeks OR the entranceway into the vagina, between the two labia minora

What is the vestibule?

Endometrium

What is the inner layer of the uterus called?

Adds a secretion to the seminal fluid which is believed to help activate the spermatozoa

What is the purpose of the prostate gland?

The maxilla and mandible

Where is the alveolar process located?

Nephron

What is the basic filtration unit of the kidney?