Police and Society Exam #4

Final Exam

Agencies Belonging to Homeland Security Department

• FBI doesn’t belong

• ICE

• Customs and Border Patrol

• TSA

• Immigration Services

• Coast Guard

• Secret Service

• Federal Law Enforcement Training Center

ICE’s Mission

Identifying and shutting down vulnerabilities both within the nation’s borders and in economic, transportation, and infrastructure security

Secret Services’ Duties

• Protects the president and other high-level officials

• Investigates counterfeiting and other financial crimes

  • Includes financial institution fraud, identity theft, computer fraud, and computer-based attacks on our nation’s financial, banking, and telecommunications infrastructure

DOJ: Who’s in charge, and what are their responsibilities/what agencies fall under the DOJ

• Attorney General is in charge

• The official legal arm of the US government

• FBI

• ATF

• DEA

• USMS

What are most people incarcerated for in the US?

Drugs

What drugs are used the most in the US?

Marijuana

The Sentencing Act of 2010

• The disparity in sentences between crack cocaine offenses and powder cocaine offenses was reduced

• Black people were getting charged more for doing crack cocaine, while white people were doing powder cocaine and getting off easier. This act made it more fair

Prescription Pill Abuse

• The number of overdose deaths from 2001-2014 went up

What is meth, and how is it made? (not specific)

Based on a chemical reaction

% of police calls for mental illness

20-40%

Why is there a mental health issue in the US?

Deinstitutionalization

What is CIT?

• Crime Intervention Training

• Officers learn to approach the mentally ill using body language and
  voice commands to de-escalate situations

  • Officers also learn diversionary options

  • The program is promising, but inconsistently implemented by the police
    departments

What % of aggravated assaults are domestic violence?

25%

In what way/how do police respond to domestic violence?

Approach the situation carefully

• Separate the parties

• Take photographs of the victim

• Collect additional evidence

• Obtain orders of protection

• Perform lethality assessments

• Conduct a crime analysis of DV

• Have protocols for child protection

What is an officer’s responsibility in assessing future assaults on a victim?

Filling out the lethality assessment

How many illegal aliens live in the US

Close to 10.5 million

What’s the age of a typical immigrant?

40ish

How many human trafficking victims are there in the world?

About 4.8 million

What are the top priorities of the FBI?

• Protect the United States from terrorist attacks

• Protect the United States against foreign intelligence operations and espionage

• Protect the United States against cyber-based attacks and high-technology crimes

• Protect the United States against weapons of mass destruction

Who is Quantico operated by?

• The FBI

• It’s their training center

What does NCIC keep track of, and who operates it?

• The FBI

• Millions of records relating to stolen property and missing persons, and fugitives

The Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988

• Stricter Penalties: Implemented mandatory minimum sentences, especially for crack cocaine offenses

• Funding: Provided massive funding for drug interdiction and treatment

• Drug Czar: Created the Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) to coordinate federal drug efforts

Terrorism

• The “unlawful use of force against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives”

• Takes many forms; does not always involve bombs or guns

Who do terrorists target?

People

What are fusion centers?

A collaborative effort between two or more agencies that collects, analyzes, and shares information to combat crime and terrorism

USA Patriot Act

• Enacted shortly after the 9/11 attacks

• Expanded the federal government’s ability to investigate Americans for intelligence purposes without probable cause and to conduct searches if it has reasonable grounds to believe there may be national security threats

What % of human trafficking victims are sex slaves?

80%

What type of Visa helps undocumented people if they cooperate with the government?

T-Visa

What are the indicators that sex trafficking is occurring in an area?

• Age-inappropriate relationships

• Fearfulness

• Inconsistent stories

• Unusual patterns

  • Hotels for short periods

  • Wealth out of nowhere

ATF was moved to the Department of the Treasury to what department?

Department of Justice

What Act led to the creation of the DEA?

Harrison Narcotic Act

What are the functions of the US Marshalls?

Pursue and arrest fugitives wanted for federal violations; pursue escaped federal prisoners; transport federal prisoners; and provide a secure environment for judges, attorneys, witnesses, and others in the federal courts

What are the functions of the IRS?

• Money crimes

• Follow the money

• No special agents (police officers)

What type of organization is the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center?

• An interagency law enforcement training organization for over 90 federal agencies

• Also provides training to other law enforcement agencies at different levels of government

• Component of DHS

What do State Police do?

Typically perform more general law enforcement functions

Where do most people get their identity stolen from?

Data breaches in big companies

What % of people report identity theft?

9-15%

Gang

A group or association of peers sharing a gang name, recognizable symbols, identifiable leadership, having an identified geographic territory, holding regular meetings, and being collectively engaged in illegal activities

Question 42

A

What’s considered a future risk in a lethality assessment?

Whether the offender’s violence has increased in frequency or severity, has a criminal record or a history of drug or alcohol abuse, has violated a restraining order, has made threats of homicide or suicide, or has access to firearms

How long do youth usually stay in their gang?

1-2 years