Flashcards Muscles of Back and Neck

Muscles in superficial layer (2)

splenius capitis and splenius cervicis

Splenius capitis origin

T1-3 SPs & ligamentum nuchae

Splenius capitis insertion

mastoid process and occiput

Splenius cervicis origin

SPs of T3-6

Splenius cervicis insertion

TPs of C1-3

Superficial layer actions

extend spine, unilateral rotation of spine

Muscle groups of intermediate layer (3)

illiocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

Muscles in intermediate layer (9)

illiocostalis lumborum, thoracis, cervicis; longissimus thoracis, cervicis, capitis; spinalis thoracis, cervicis, capitis

Illiocostalis lumborum origin & insertion

O: iliac crest, sacrum, thoracolumbar fascia

I: angles of lower ribs

Illiocostalis thoracis origin & insertion

O: lower ribs

I: angles of upper ribs and TP C7

Illiocostalis cervicis origin & insertion

O: upper ribs

I: TPs C4-6

Longissimus thoracis origin and insertion

O: sacrum, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia

I: lower 10 ribs, TPs lumbar and thoracic vertebrae

Longissimus cervicis origin and insertion

O: TPs of upper thoracics

I: TPs of cervicals

Longissimus capitis origin and insertion

O: TPs + APs of upper thoracics and lower cervicals

I: mastoid process

Spinalis thoracis origin and insertion

O: SPs lower thoracics

I: SPs upper thoracics

Spinalis cervicis origin and insertion

O: SPs C2-7

I: SPs C2-7

Semispinalis capitis origin and insertion

O: SPs cervical spine

I: occiput

Erector spinae muscle actions

bilaterally extend column, accessory breathing muscles, bend column laterally or assist in rotation

Muscles in deep layer (8)

short and long rotators, multifidus, semispinalis, interspinalis, intertransversarii

Short rotator origin and insertion

O: TPs

I: sp of vertebrae one segment above origin

Long rotator origin and insertion

O: TPs

I: sp of vertebrae two segment above origin

Multifidus origin and insertion

O: TP

I: SP of vertebrae 2-5 segments above origin

Semispinalis origin and insertion

O: TPs

I: SP 6+ vertebrae above

Interspinalis location and action

connects SP to SP, spinal extension

Intertransversarii location and action

connects TP to TP, lateral flexion of spine

Deep layer actions

unilateral spinal rotation, bilateral spinal extension

Suboccipital muscles (4)

rectus capitis posterior major and minor, obliquus capitis superior and inferior

Rectus capitis posterior major origin and insertion

O: C2 SP

I: occiput

Rectus capitis posterior minor origin and insertion

O: C1 posterior tubercle

I: occiput

Obliquus capitis superior origin and insertion

O: C1 TP

I: occiput

Obliquus capitis inferior origin and insertion

O: C2 SP

I: C1 TP