Animal Science - Exam #1 - Quiz #1

Farms are __ in America

decreasing

Size of farms are __

increasing

2 types of farms:

Family and Corporate

Family Farms - Advantages (2)

1. Owner has control

2. Losses are usually smaller

Family Farms - Disadvantages (4)

(Relative to corporate)

1. Not very competitive

2. No one to take over for family

3. Phasing out due to competition

4. Products less uniform

5. Products less efficient

Corporate Farms - Advantages (7)

(Relative to Family Farms)

1. Aggressive marketing

2. Efficient

3. Innovation

4. Own feed/processing facilities

5. Own product processing facilities

6. Product oriented

7. Uniform products

Corporate Farms - Disadvantages (2)

(Relative to Family Farms)

1. Less control

2. Large losses

Average farm population (%):

1951 =

2002 =

1951 = 14.2%

2002 = 1.7%

American Farm Bureau Federation Facts:
# and % of Individual Family, Family Partnerships, Family Corporation Farms

~2.2 million farms

97%

American Farm Bureau Federation Facts:

% of Corporate Farms

3%

Todays farmers produce 1(%) more food with 2(%) fewer inputs than in the 1950s

1 → 262%

2 → 2%

Over (~$) worth of U.S. Agriculture products are exported every year

$115 billion

(#) in (#) U.S. acres are planted for __

1 in 3; exports

(#%) of U.S. gross income comes from __

31%; exports

U.S. Land Resources estimated at (#) acres

226 billion

Of the 226 billion acres of U.S. land resources, (#) acres are classified as cropland

460 million

Of the 226 billion acres of U.S. land resources, (#) acres are utilized for crops

69 million

On (#%) of U.S. crop land, very little __ __ can be produced

55%; human food

Why are American farmers very productive? (6)

1. Climatic / Land Conditions

2. Our Economic System

3. Specialized Agribusiness

4. The Education System

5. Specialized Research

6. Dedicated Farmers

Animal throughout the early years have provided: (6)

1. Clothing

2. Cultivation of Fields

3. Food

4. Manure for Fertilizer and Fuel

5. Recreation

6. Transportation

Uses for animals today (6)

1. Fertilizers

2. Fuels

3. Gelatin 

4. Glue

5. Pharma

6. Oils

Catgut from sheep intestines is used as: (3)

1. Tennis Racket Strings

2. Violin Strings

3. Sutures

Pigskin can be used to make: (2)

Footballs and Jackets

Cattle Hide can be used to make: (3)

1. Belts

2. Bags

3. Shoes

Animals can be used as __ objects for the well-being of __

Experimental; humans

Animals can also be used for: (3)

1. Companionship

2. Services for humans

3. Xenotransplantation

Do animals “compete” with humans for the same source of food?

Yes in developing countries 

Animals are good converters of __ __ into (4 things)

plant energy into meat, milk, wool, egg production

Ruminants are very efficient converters of roughages into __ __ for human consumption

animal protein

Animal products provide abundant sources of all known __ for __

nutrients for humans

U.S. Beef Industry:

Where in the U.S. is land best suited for grazing?

Texas

Feedlot Operations are mostly located in states in the: (2)

1. Northern Plains - Nebraska

2. Southern Plains - Texas and Oklahoma

U.S. Dairy Industry:

requires a large __ in __ and __

investment; facilities and equipment

U.S. Dairy Industry:

It is __ intensive and requires well-trained __

labor; managers

In the U.S. Dairy Industry, there is good __ __

cash flow

Dairy Industry is big in this state:

Wisconsin

Leaders in Dairy Production: (2)

1. Cali

2. Wisconsin

California has very __ __ relative to Wisconsin, but fewer in total

large farms

Compared to Cali, Wisconsin has more __ farms, but they are __

family; smaller

Sheep are bred for: (4)

1. Fine Wool

2. Long Wool

3. Lamb Production

4. Mutton Production

Leading state in Sheep Production:

Texas

Most U.S. pork is produced where?

Midwest

Leading state in Swine Production:

Iowa

1. What is the largest market for U.S. pork in recent years?

2. Why?

1. Japan

2. Consumers want leaner meat

The U.S. Poultry Industry is highly efficient in __and __ production

meat and egg

In the U.S. Poultry Industry, __ __ is used in all phases of production

Vertical Integration

The Egg Industry is owned by __ __

few companies

Broiler production is owned by top 10 broiler
production companies (what is #1)

Tyson Foods

Leading state in Table Egg Production:

Iowa

Leading state in Broiler Production:

Georgia

Leading state in Turkey Production:

North Carolina

Leading state in Meat Goat Production:

Texas

Leading state in Dairy Goat Production:

Wisconsin

U.S. Horse Industry - Horses & Mules:

once used for __ purposes

draft

Horses are mostly used for __ purposes today

recreational

Ranchers use Horses for __ __

cattle herding

World Beef Cattle Numbers:

#1 Country and # of Cattle 

India; 215 million

World Beef Production:

#1 Country and # amount of production (lbs)

US; 26 billion pounds

U.S. is #1 in World Beef Production because: (4)

1. Educated Farmers 

2. Financing/Tech Investments

3. Genetic Selection

4. Good Nutrition

Why does India not really eat their cattle?

they are "sacred”

Word Beef Consumption:

#1 country and # of lbs of consumption per capita

Uruguay; 129 pounds

U.S. Beef Trade Exports:

#1 country and $ value

Japan; $1.386 billion

U.S. Beef Trade Imports:

#1 country and $ value

Canada; $595 million

World Dairy Cattle Numbers:
#1 country and # of cattle

India; 34 million

World Milk Production:
#1 country and # lbs of production

US; 157 billion

World Milk Consumption:

#1 country and # lbs per capita

Albania; 511

U.S. Dairy (Cheese) Trade Exports:

#1 country and $ value 

Japan; 20 million

U.S. Dairy (Non-fat Dry Milk) Trade Exports:

#1 country and $ value

Algeria; 14 million

U.S Dairy (Cheese) Trade Imports:

#1 country and $ value

15 EU Members; 386 million

U.S. Dairy (Butter) Trade Imports:

#1 country and $ value

New Zealand; 13 million

World Swine Numbers:

#1 country and # of swine

China; 430 million

World Pork Production:

#1 country and # carcass weight lbs of production

China; 88 billion

World Pork Production:

#1 country and # lbs consumed per capita

Austria; 141

U.S. Pork Trade Exports and Imports:

#1 country for Exports and $ amount

#1 country for Imports and $ amount

Exports: Japan; 680 million

Imports: Canada; 443 million

World Poultry (Chicken) Production:

#1 country and # of tons

US; 14.9 million

World Poultry (Turkey) Production:

#1 country and # of tons

US; 2.61 million

World Poultry (Eggs) Production:

#1 country and # of tons

China; 21.5 million

World Poultry (Chicken) Consumption:

#1 country and # lbs per capita

Antigua; 153

World Poultry (Eggs) Consumption:

#1 country and # lbs per capita

Japan; 43.3

World Meat & Egg Trade Imports (Chicken):

#1 country and $ value

Canada; 6 million

World Meat & Egg Trade Imports (Eggs):

#1 country and $ value

China; 3 million

World Meat & Egg Trade Exports (Chicken):

#1 country and $ value

Japan; 20 million

World Meat & Egg Trade Exports (Eggs):

#1 country and $ value

Russia; 702 million

U. S. Lamb, Mutton, & Goat Meat Trade - Exports:

#1 country and $ value

Mexico; 3 million

U. S. Lamb, Mutton, & Goat Meat Trade - Imports:

#1 country and $ value

Australia; 82 million

Animal proteins contain essential __ __ needed to build body tissue

amino acids (20)

Animal proteins are superior to __ __ in supplying essential amino acids

plant proteins

Livestock Industry Worldwide (3 Animals)

1. Cattle

2. Sheep

3. Goats

Livestock Industry in U.S. (5 Animals)

1. Cattle

2. Sheep

3. Swine

4. Goats

5. Poultry 

Swine and Poultry not Worldwide because: (2)

1. Lack of feed resources

2. Religious taboos

U.S. per Capita Beef Consumption has __ from 1970 to 2011

(# lbs. to # lbs.)

decreased; 79.6 to 60.5

Why has U.S. per capita beef consumption decreased? (2)

1. Consumer attitudes about red meat

2. Price of beef

Per capita lamb & mutton consumption has __ from 1970 to 2011 (# to # pounds).

decreased; 3.3 to 0.9

Per capita consumption of fluid milk has __ from 1950 to 2010 (# to # pounds)

decreased; 290 to 45

Changes in per capita Milk Consumption:
__ in whole milk and __ in low fat milk consumption
(1950s to 2000).

decreased; increased

Per capita consumption of Shell Eggs:

__ from 1970 to 2010 (# to # pounds)

decreased; 23.9 to 19

Per capita Pork Consumption:

__ from 1983 to 2011 (# to # pounds)

steady; 48 to 51.6 

Poultry-Broiler & Turkey Consumption has __ (from 1970 to 2011)

increased

Poultry-Broiler & Turkey consumption has more than doubled (from 35.0 & 8.5 in 1970 to 89.5 & 18.5 pounds in 2011) because of: (4)

1. Promotion

2. Retail Cuts

3. Available Choices

4. Attitudes about red meat