Stats

Categorical Variable

take on values that are names or labels

Quantitative Variables

They represent a measurable quantity.

Discrete Variables

assume values that can be counted (cannot take on any value)

Continuous

can take on any value between its minimum value and its maximum value

Univariate Data

data with one variable

Bivariate Data

Data with two variables, or pairs of numerical observations.

Median

the middle score in a distribution; half the scores are above it and half are below it

Mean

the arithmetic average of a distribution, obtained by adding the scores and then dividing by the number of scores

Outlier

a data point that diverges greatly from the overall pattern of data

Range

the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution

Variance

standard deviation squared, a numerical value used to indicate how widely individuals in a group vary

Standard Deviation

the square root of the variance, a numerical value used to indicate how widely individuals in a group vary

Histogram

Stemplot

Boxplot

Interquartile Range

The difference between the upper quartile and the lower quartile.

Unimodal

having one mode; this is a useful term for describing the shape of a histogram when it's generally mound-shaped

Bimodal

two peaks

Bar Chart

Quartiles

Values that divide a data set into four equal parts