________- the identity that keeps other identities together.
New cards
2
Mechanism
________: Dissociation offers an opportunity to escape from the impact of trauma.
New cards
3
Alters
________- different identities or personalities.
New cards
4
Switch
quick transition from one personality to another
New cards
5
Prevalence
not well known, perhaps 1 to 2%
New cards
6
Treatment: Focus is on
reintegration of identities
New cards
7
Treatment: Identify and neutralize
cues/triggers that provoke memories of trauma/dissociation
New cards
8
Treatment: Patient may have
to relive and confront the early trauma
New cards
9
Treatment: Some achieve through
hypnosis
New cards
10
Causes: Typically linked to
a history of severe, chronic trauma, often abuse in childhood
New cards
11
Causes: Risk increases if
there is no social support after the trauma
New cards
12
Causes: Closely related to
PTSD, possibly an extreme subtype
New cards
13
Causes: Biological vulnerability possible but
not well understood; almost all risk is environmental
New cards
14
More common in
females
New cards
15
Onset is
almost always in childhood or adolescence
New cards
16
High comorbidity rates with
other psychological disorders
New cards
17
Typically follows
lifelong, chronic course
New cards
18
Some patients presenting with DID symptoms are
faking (possibly subconsciously)
New cards
19
Example: Patients more likely to “produce” a fake alter when
therapist suggests this possibility
New cards
20
Case studies reveal changes in
physiological and brain function when switching between alters
New cards
21
DSM-5 Criteria: A. Disruption of identity characterized by
two or more distinct personality states, which may be described in some cultures as an experience of possession.
New cards
22
DSM-5 Criteria: The disruption of marked discontinuity in sense of self and sense of agency, accompanied by
related alterations in affect, behavior, consciousness, memory, perception, cognition, and/or sensory-motor functioning.
New cards
23
DSM-5 Criteria: These signs and symptoms may be
observed by others or reported by the individual.
New cards
24
DSM-5 Criteria: B. Recurrent gaps in the
recall of everyday events, important personal information, and/or traumatic events that are inconsistent with ordinary forgetting.
New cards
25
DSM-5 Criteria: C. The symptoms cause clinically significant
distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
New cards
26
DSM-5 Criteria: D. The disturbance is not a normal part of
a broadly accepted cultural or religious practice. Note: In children, the symptoms are not attributable to imaginary playmates or other fantasy play.
New cards
27
DSM-5 Criteria: E. The symptoms are not attributable to
the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., blackouts or chaotic behavior during alcohol intoxication) or another medical condition (e.g., complex partial seizures).
New cards
28
Formerly known as
multiple personality disorder
New cards
29
Defining feature is
dissociation of personality
New cards
30
Adoption of
several new identities (as many as 100; may be just a few; average is 15)
Studied by 0 people
