Your mom

In the final days of the Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln

insisted that the Confederacy had no legal right to exist

At the end of the Civil War, the number of slaves that emerged from bondage was

almost 4 million

In 1865, Southern blacks defined “freedom” as

an end to slavery and the acquisition of legal rights and opportunities that would allow them to live as did whites

In 1865, Southern whites defined “freedom” as

controlling their future without Northern interference

The Freedmen’s Bureau

distributed food to millions of Southern blacks

As Republicans planned for Reconstruction

Radicals sought a range of punishments for white Southerners

President Abraham Lincoln’s “10 percent” plan for the South referred to the

number of white voters required to take loyalty oaths before setting up a state government.

The Wade-Davis Bill

sought to bring about the disenfranchisement of leading Confederates

The assassination of President Abraham Lincoln

involved a larger conspiracy to kill other members of the administration

As president, Andrew Johnson

offered amnesty to Southerners who pledged their loyalty to the United States.

In the 1860s, Black Codes were

designed to give whites control over freedmen.

The Fourteenth Amendment

gave citizenship rights to all people born in the United States

In 1867, congressional plans for Reconstruction

required new state governments in the South to give voting rights to black males

The Fifteenth Amendment dealt with the issue of

suffrage

The Tenure of Office Act

was designed to limit President Andrew Johnson’s authority

As a result of the Supreme Court’s ruling in Ex parte Milligan, some Radical Republicans

proposed abolishing the Court

In 1868, President Andrew Johnson was impeached because he

All these answers are correct.

At the conclusion of President Andrew Johnson’s impeachment trial

Johnson was acquitted by a margin of one vote

During Reconstruction, the term “scalawags” referred to

Southern white Republicans

During Reconstruction, most “carpetbaggers” were

Northern white veterans who moved to the South

During Reconstruction, Southern African American officeholders

underrepresented the total number of blacks living in the South.

During Reconstruction, there was a dramatic improvement in Southern

education

During Reconstruction, the Southern school system

reached 40 percent of all black children by 1876

During Reconstruction, regarding land ownership in the South

ownership by whites declined, while ownership by blacks increased.

Black sharecropping

was a very common occupation of former slaves

During Reconstruction, per capita income for Southerners

rose for blacks and declined for whites

During Reconstruction, the black labor force worked

significantly fewer hours than had been the case during slavery

After the Civil War, most poor rural Southerners relied on credit from

country stores.

In the South, the crop-lien system along with the burdensome credit system

encouraged the planting of cash crops

By the end of Reconstruction

roughly half of all black women were working for wages

In 1868, Ulysses S. Grant

entered the White House with no political experience

Schuyler Colfax, Grant’s vice president,

was involved in a stock-fixing scandal

The Panic of 1873

was the nation’s worst economic depression to that time

During the Johnson administration, the United States acquired

Alaska

The Alabama claims

involved complaints by the United States against England

The “redeemed” governments of the South

were so named when Democrats took back control of the government

Congressional passage of the Enforcement Acts in 1870–187

was aimed at reducing white repression of blacks in the South

Northern commitment to Reconstruction waned as a result of

All these answers are correct.

The elections of 1876 saw

the candidate with the most popular votes fail to get elected

As president, Rutherford B. Hayes

promised to serve only one term

Which of the following statements about the end of Reconstruction is accurate?

Many white Southern leaders sympathized with Republican economic policies in the South

but could not publicly support them.

After Reconstruction, political power under southern “Redeemers”

was very often restricted and conservative.

Advocates of the “New South”

promoted southern industry and railroad development

In the South during the last twenty years of the nineteenth century

textile manufacturing increased ninefold

During the last quarter of the nineteenth century, southern agriculture

saw the great majority of farmers live under the tenant system

Among other ideas, Booker T. Washington

favored industrial over classical education

In his 1895 “Atlanta Compromise” speech, Booker T. Washington

called for tacit acceptance of the emerging system of racial segregation.

The Supreme Court ruled in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) that

acial segregation was legal if whites and blacks had equal “accommodations.

Grandfather laws established that

men who could not meet the literacy and property qualifications could vote if their ancestors

had voted before Reconstruction began.

Jim Crow laws

imposed a system of state-supported segregation.

By the 1890s, voting percentages in the South had

decreased for both whites and blacks.

In the 1890s, the black journalist Ida B. Wells devoted her writing to attacking

the crime of lynching