Chapter 5: Musical Texture

Texture

The interweaving of melodies (horiztontal) and harmonic (vertical) elements in the musical fabric

- describes the way in which a melody either is presented alone, interacts alone, interacts with another melody, or interacts with harmony.

Monophonic

Single line texture, or melody without accompaniment

- simplest texture, single voice

- Ex. Gregorian chant: Kyrie

Voice

Refers to individual part or line, even an instrumental music

Heterophony

Texture in which two or more voices (or parts) elaborate the same melody simultaneously, often the result of improvisation.

- may sound as musicians are having a hard time staying together.

Polyphony

Texture resulting from combining two or more melodic lines, as distinct from monophonic.

- two independent lines combined

- is based on counterpoint

- at the same time with equal value

- Ex. Sousa: Starts and Stripes Forever March, Trio

Counterpoint

The art of combining in a single texture two or more simultaneous melodic lines.

Homophonic

- Texture with a principal melody and accompanying harmony, as distinct from polyphony

- single voice takes over the melodic interest while accompanying lines are subordinate

-One melody with subordinate accompaniment

Ex. Symphony no. 94 (surprise, ll

Homorhythmic

A type of homophonic structure in which all voices move together, with the same words.

- together in the same rhythm

Ex. Handel "Hallelujah chorus," from messiah

Melody is the ____ aspect of music, while harmony is the ____.

Horizontal; vertical

Imitation

Melodic idea presented in one voice or part and then restated in another, each part continueing as others enter.

Canon

A strict imitative work. A list of composers and/or works assigned value and greatness by consensus. Also, a type of polyphonic composition in which one musical line strictly imitates another at a fixed distance throughout.

Round

Perpetual cannon at the unison in which each voice enters in succession with the same melody.

- it is a strictly imitative form

The interweaving of melody and harmony produces ____ in music.

texture

A single line texture is known as ____.

monophony

A texture in which all voices move together in the same rhythm is called:

Homorhythmic

Diagonal thread results from____.

Imitation

The interweaving of melody and harmony produces ____ in music.

texture

An individual part or line, even in instrumental music, is often referred to as a(n)

voice

Until about a thousand years ago, the Western music we know about was

monophonic

A single-line texture is known as

monophony

_________ describes a melody without any harmonic accompaniment or other melodic lines.

monophony

When several musicians sing or play the same musical line, each varying some element (like pitch or rhythm), they are creating a ______ texture.

heterophonic

A texture in which two or more different melodic lines are combined is called

polyphonic

What texture is based on counterpoint?

polyphony

The word for when a melodic idea is presented in one voice and then restated in another is

imitation

A work that is comprised of a strictly imitative musical texture is called a

Canon

The texture of a round is

polyphonic

A round is based on the principle of _______ where each voice enters in succession with the same melody.

imitation

Row, Row, Row Your Boat is an example of

A round

Imitation is a type of

polyphony

Homophony is

A texture based on harmony.

A pianist playing a single melody in the right hand while the left sounds accompanimental chords produces a _____ texture.

Homophonic

One person singing "Happy Birthday" with simple chords accompanying the melody produces a(n) _________ texture.

Homophonic

A type of homophony in which all voices move together in the same rhythm is called

homorhythm

Is heterophony common in non-Western music?

Yes

If one person is playing the piano, the texture is created would be considered monophonic since its only one player.

False