dev disturbances of teeth

microdontia

macrodontia

developmental disturbances of the teeth; alterations in size

microdontia

used to describe teeth which are SMALLER normal

10mm

normal size of crown cervicoincisally is ______

1st molar

biggest tooth in the mouth

maxillary canine

longest tooth in the mouth

true generalized

relative generalized

involving a single tooth

types of microdontia and macrodontia

smaller

pituitary dwarfism

TRUE GENERALIZED MICRODONTIA

• all the teeth are ______ than normal

• teeth are well-formed but small in size

• may occur in _____________

pituitary dwarf

whose retarted development is caused by growth hormone

normal

slightly smaller

larger

jaw size

tooth size

RELATIVE GENERALIZED MICRODONTIA

• ______ or __________ than normal teeth

• present in jaws that are somewhat ______ than normal

• inheritance of ________ from one parent and _______ from other parent can lead to this variation

maxillary lateral incisor

third molars

small

MICRODONTIA INVOLVING A SINGLE TOOTH

• COMMON condition

• Affects mostly the ______________ and _________(these two teeth are among most often congenitally missing)

• supernumerary teeth are frequently ______ in size

hormonal

inheritance

regression

evolution

weak

ETIOLOGY OF MICRODONTIA

• ________, due to hypo-function of the pituitary gland

• cross __________

• _________ or atavism especially cone-shaped

• _________

• dental epithelium is too ____ to produce normal tooth (example is peg-lateral)

atavism

reversion of something ancestral (minana or hereditary)

dental lamina

represents the first sign of tooth development

parry-romberg syndrome

hemifacial atrophy

FACIAL HEMIATROPHY is also called as ______________________ or _________________

facial hemiatrophy

A progressive atrophy of SO

ME or ALL of the tissues on one side of the face occasionally, EXTENDING to other parts  of the body

atrophy

DECREASE in the size of normally developed cells

one side

face

FACIAL HEMIATROPHY is a progressive atrophy of some or all of the tissues on ______ of the _____, occasionally extending to other parts of the body

malfunction of the nervous

trauma

Infection

Heredity

Peripheral trigeminal neuritis

Localized scleroderma

suggested factors of the etiology of facial hemiatrophy

first

second decade

white line

furrow

one side

midline

CLINICAL FEATURES OF FACIAL HEMIATROPHY

• onset of the condition is usually noticed on the _____ and ___________ of life

• ________, ______ or mark on _______ of the face or brow near the ________

atrophy

skin

subcutaneous tissue

muscle

bone

hollowing

depressed

orbit

CLINICAL FEATURES OF FACIAL HEMIATROPHY

• initial lesions extends progressively to include ______ of the ____, _________________, ______, and _____

• __________ of cheek

• eye may appear ________ in the ______

darkly pigmented

vitiligo

left side

CLINICAL FEATURES OF FACIAL HEMIATROPHY

• affected skin may become ________________

• _______ sometimes develops

• mostly affects the __________ of the face

lips

tongue

root development

ORAL MANIFESTATIONS  OF FACIAL HEMIATROPHY

• hemiatrophy of ____ and ________

• deficiency of _______________

growth

jaw

eruption

teeth

ORAL MANIFESTATIONS  OF FACIAL HEMIATROPHY

• Reduced ______ of the ____ on the affected side

• Retarded_______ of _____ on the affected side

true

facial hemiatrophy has no specific treatment

unchanged

patient’s life

PROGNOSIS OF FACIAL HEMIATROPHY

• progressive for a period of several years and then remained _________ for the remainder of the ____________

prognosis

the likely course of the disease

macrodontia

refers to teeth that are LARGER than normal

larger

pituitary gigantism

TRUE GENERALIZED TYPE OF MACRODONTIA

• all the teeth are ________ than normal

• associated with ____________

• EXTREMELY RARE

normal teeth

small jaws

RELATIVE GENERALIZED MACRODONTIA

• Presence of NORMAL or SLIGHTLY LARGER than ____________ in _________ giving ILLUSION of MACRODONTIA

• MORE COMMON

uncommon

size

MACRODONTIA of SINGLE TOOTH

• relatively __________

• Tooth may appear normal in every aspect EXCEPT for its ____

growth

development

endocrine glands

The pituitary is important in controlling ______ and ___________ and the functioning of the other _______________

hormonal

cross inheritance

overactive odontogenesis

etiology of facial macrodontia

hyper-pituirism

extra large teeth

small jaws

ETIOLOGY OF FACIAL MACRODONTIA

• HORMONAL - usually caused by _____________

• CROSS INHERITANCE - ____________________ from one parent and __________of the other

• OVERACTIVE ODONTOGENESIS 

odontogenesis

the origin and formation of developing teeth

entire half

limbs

face

head

CONGENITAL HEMIHYPERTROPHY MAY OCCUR ON

• the ________ of the body

• one or both ____

• _____, _____, and associated structures

facial symmetry

FACIAL HEMIHYPERTROPHY

• A very mild degree of _____________ is present in nearly all persons

Hormonal imbalance

Incomplete twinning

Chromosomal abnormalities

Localized alteration of intrauterine development

Lymphatic 

Vascular

Neurogenic Abnormalities

suggested factors of facial hemihypertrophy

one half

female

equal involvement

CLINICAL FEATURES OF FACIAL HEMIHYPERTROPHY

• Enlargement of ______ of the head

• More common in ______

• Almost ____________ on the right and left side

enlarged area

Permanent teeth

cuspids

premolar

molars

ORAL MANIFESTATIONS  OF MACRODONTIA

• Crown size

• Root size and shape

• Not all teeth in the ____________ are necessarily affected

• ____________ on the affected side are often enlarged

• May involve any tooth but most frequently _______, __________ and ________

short roots

unilateral enlargement

contralateral displacement

lingual papillae

buccal mucosa

ORAL MANIFESTATIONS  OF MACRODONTIA

• Proportionately enlarged but ________

• General _________________ and ______________________ of tongue and bizzare enlargement of __________

• Ss velvety ___________ and seem to hang in soft pendulous fold

cosmetic repair

TREATMENT OF MACRODONTIA

neurofibromatosis

fibrous dysplasia

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF MACRODONTIA

scleroderma

collagen disease characterised by thickening, rigidity and pigmentation of patches

peripheral neuropathy

any functional or organic disorder of the peripheral nervous system