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Monetary Policy
Management of money supply and interest rates by a central bank to achieve stable prices, low unemployment, and economic growth.
Federal Reserve System
Central banking system of the United States responsible for conducting monetary policy and supervising banks.
Equity Financing
Raising capital by issuing shares of ownership in a company.
Debt Financing
Raising capital through loans that require repayment with interest.
Venture Capital
Investment in early-stage companies with high growth potential in exchange for equity.
Angel Investors
Individuals who provide capital for startups in exchange for ownership equity or convertible debt.
Crowdfunding
Raising funds from a large number of people, typically via the internet, for a project or venture.
Spending/Savings Plan
Financial plan involving goal setting, income tracking, expense prioritization, regular saving, and adjustments as needed.
Budgets
Financial plans that allocate resources, estimate income, identify expenses, set priorities, monitor spending, and make adjustments.
Fixed Expenses
Costs that remain constant each month, such as rent or mortgage payments.
Variable Expenses
Costs that fluctuate based on usage or consumption, such as groceries or utilities.
Balance Sheet
Financial statement showing a company's assets, liabilities, and equity at a specific point in time.
Income Statement
Financial statement summarizing revenues, expenses, and profits over a period.
Simple Interest Loans
Loans where interest is calculated only on the principal amount.
Credit Record
History of a person's borrowing and repayment behavior, used by lenders to assess creditworthiness.
Consumer Information
Data and insights about products, services, and market offerings available to the public.
Better Business Bureau
Organization assisting consumers in identifying trustworthy businesses and resolving disputes.
Federal Trade Commission
Agency enforcing consumer protection laws, regulating antitrust practices, and promoting competition.
Consumer Behavior
Actions and decision-making processes of individuals or households regarding the purchase and use of goods and services.
Financial Elements
Factors such as price, income, savings, credit availability, and interest rates influencing consumer behavior.
Advertisements
Promotional messages and campaigns used to promote products or services to consumers.
Comparative Shopping
Evaluating products or services from different sellers to find the best value, quality, and price.
Promotional Sale
Temporary reduction in price or special offer to stimulate sales and attract customers.
Clearance Sale
Sale to clear out excess inventory or discontinued items at significantly reduced prices.
Business Goals
Objectives such as profitability, growth, customer satisfaction, innovation, and social responsibility.
Gross Profit
Revenue minus the cost of goods sold.
Net Profit
Total revenue minus all expenses including operating expenses, taxes, and interest.
Business Ownership
Legal structure of a business, such as sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation, or limited liability company.
Business Functions
Activities such as production, marketing, finance, human resources, and operations management.
Business Trends
Patterns and shifts in technology, consumer behavior, globalization, sustainability, and regulatory environments.
Business Plan
Document outlining business goals, strategies, and operational details to facilitate growth and success.
Key Economic Terms
Terms such as supply, demand, inflation, GDP, unemployment rate, fiscal policy, monetary policy, and opportunity cost.
Free Enterprise System
Economic system with private ownership, competition, voluntary exchange, profit motive, and limited government intervention.
Competition
Rivalry between businesses to attract customers by offering better products and services at competitive prices.
Economic Systems
Traditional, command, market, and mixed economies with different resource allocation and government intervention.
Factors Affecting Business Profit
Revenue, costs, pricing strategies, competition, market demand, economic conditions, and operational efficiency.
Productivity
Efficiency of resource utilization in producing goods and services.
Economic Indicators
GDP growth rate, unemployment rate, inflation rate, consumer confidence index, stock market performance, and interest rates.
E-commerce
Buying and selling of goods and services over the internet, impacting business models and consumer behavior.
Social Responsibility
Business practices promoting ethical conduct, environmental sustainability, community support, and human rights.
Employee Morale
Overall job satisfaction and motivation of employees in the workplace.
Equal Employment Opportunity
Laws prohibiting discrimination in hiring, promotion, and employment practices based on various factors.
Organized Labor
Collective bargaining, worker representation, and advocacy for fair wages and working conditions.
Government Regulation
Rules and standards set by the government to ensure public safety, fair competition, and consumer protection.
Business Careers
Occupations in management, marketing, finance, human resources, entrepreneurship, and consulting requiring specific personal qualities and skills.
Future of the Workforce
Factors such as technological advancements, demographic shifts, globalization, and changing skill requirements impacting the labor market.
Job Application
Form providing personal and employment information required by employers for job consideration.
Job Interview Strategies
Preparation and conduct during interviews to present qualifications and suitability for a job position.
Insurance
Protection against financial losses due to accidents, injuries, property damage, liability claims, and more.
Types of Insurance
Home, life, medical, automobile, liability, disability, and other policies providing specific coverage.
Safety, Health, and Environmental Controls
Measures to identify hazards, assess risks, and minimize losses to protect people, property, and the environment.
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