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Dissociation
Disconnection and lack of continuity between thoughts, memories, surroundings, actions, and identity
Dissociative Amnesia
Person can’t remember important life related information, especially the traumatic event
Can last 1 day - 1 year
Dissociative amnesia is usually related to traumatic or stressful information
Localized Amnesia
Memory gap of specific time period (most common)
Depersonalization
detachment from person (mind, self, or body)
Derealization
Detachment from reality (surrounding)
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Patient manifest 2 or more identities/personality states that alternate in some way in taking control of behavior
Identities have their own set of memories and emotions and can differ in age, gender, race, etc.
DID Theories
Integrated Model
Experience severe childhood trauma
Create cognitive distortions (negative/inaccurate thoughts)
Dissociation (maladaptive coping mechanism)
Compartmentalization of overwhelming emotions/memories due to cognitive distortions of traumatic event
Influences behaviors and emotional responses
Socio-Cognitive Model
Socially constructed
Therapist may accidentally cue client about possible existence of alters
Media influences
Treatment for Dissociative Disorders
Medication: antidepressant antianxiety
Therapy: Cognitive behavioral therapy, Family systems. (can treat successfully without medication)
DID Treatment Goals
Recognize disorder
Recover memories form the past (core memory = root of cause)
Integrating sub personalities into single identity (treatment can be successful without doing step 3 if they can live with it)
Covert
Alters are less outwardly obvious
Majority of DID cases
DID Stereotypes
Extremely rare
People with DID are violent
Confused with schizophrenia
Obvious and easy to diagnose
