Party Competition & Coalitions

What do two-party systems tend to form?

Umbrella or broad coalition parties.

What constitutes party coalitions?

Groups that identify with a party, including demographic groups and like-minded groups such as interest groups, unions, and corporations.

What is 'issue evolution' in the context of party coalitions?

The process by which the partisan base of support for an issue changes over time.

What has been observed regarding party polarization in the US Congress?

There is a clear increase in party polarization, with Republicans moving to the right and Democrats moving to the left.

What are some possible causes of party polarization in government?

Safe districts, increased competition for control of Congress, more extreme candidates, and polarized voters.

What are the implications of party polarization in government?

It affects the agenda, ability to compromise, pass legislation, and govern, with Congress appearing to do less overall.

How has Congress adapted to party polarization despite challenges?

Congress continues to accomplish tasks through less conventional methods.

What evidence indicates party polarization in the electorate?

An increase in the percentage of the public identifying with a party and doing so strongly.

How is party identity connected to other identities in the electorate?

Party identity is increasingly central to individuals' other identities.

What is meant by 'partisanship as teamsmanship'?

The concept of viewing political affiliation as a team dynamic, creating in-groups and out-groups.

What are the two types of partisanship experienced within individuals?

Negative partisanship and positive partisanship.

What are some implications of polarization in the electorate?

Effects on perceptions of others, media habits, voting behaviors, election outcomes, and increased acceptance of political violence.

What demographic factors influence party coalitions?

Demographic groups that support specific parties.

What role do interest groups play in party coalitions?

They are part of the like-minded groups that identify with a party.

How can party coalitions change over time?

Through shifts in demographic support and evolving social issues.

What is the significance of redistricting in relation to safe districts?

Redistricting can create safe districts that contribute to party polarization.

How does voter polarization reflect in legislative behavior?

Legislators often reflect the polarized views of their constituents.

What has been the trend in public acceptance of political violence?

There has been an increase in public acceptance of political violence due to polarization.