Aphug vocab unit3

Acculturation

When a culture adopt some traits from a different culture but keep some parts of their own

Architecture

Design and style of buildings that reflect a culture’s values and customs

Assimilation

When a group adopts another culture and loses its own original culture (usually forced)

Buddhism

Religion founded in India that teaches ending suffering and reaching nirvana through meditation and moral living. Popular in southeast Asia and China

Centrifugal force

Anything that causes division among people and weakens a country’s unity

Centripetal force

Anything that unites people and makes a country’s unity stronger

Christianity

A religion based on the resurrection of Jesus Christ and preaches kindness forgiveness and love

Colonialism

One country taking control of another country and dominating their people, resources, and government

Contagious diffusion

Rapid spread of innovation or ideas throughout a population

Creolization

Two cultures fusing to create a new, distinct culture

Cultural convergence

When two different cultures become more alike due to time space convergence, Interaction, or globalization

Cultural divergence

Cultures become more different from each other, usually due to distance decay or outside influence

Cultural hearth

A place where a culture or idea first started and then diffusing into a population

Cultural landscape

The impact of culture and human activity on the landscape

Cultural Relativism

Idea that a culture should be understood based on itself and not judge based on another culture’s values

Culture

The way a group of people does things and what they believe in and what they value

Culture trait

A single part of a culture

Ethnicity

Group of people who share common heritage/ancestry

Ethnic Neighbourhood

An area where a large number of people live and uphold/maintain/preserve their culture

Ethnic religion

A religion that is very closely related to a specific ethnic group. Religions like this are usually passed down through families instead of trying to convert other people

Ethnocentric

Judging other cultures based on the values of your own culture

Expansion diffusion

When a cultural idea spreads outward from a central point but remain strongest in it’s origin

Gender

The sociocultural roles and behaviors associated with being male or female

Globalization

The process of countries becoming more interdependent and connected worldwide

Hierarchical diffusion

Spread of ideas, mindsets, innovations, etc. from people with influence to people with less influence

Hinduism

Major religion from India that emphasizes karma, dharma, reincarnation and a variety of gods

Imperialism

When a country controls dominate another country politically, economically, and/or culturally

Indigenous community

Group of people who are the original inhabitants of their land and preserve their culture

Indo-European language family

Large group of languages spoken in Europe, south Asia, and parts of Southwest Asia that are related

Islam

Monotheistic religion founded in Arabia, based on the teachings of Muhammad, believed to be a prophet from God, Allah

Judaism

Monotheistic religion of Jewish people, based on the belief in one God and the teachings of the Old Testament.

Language dialect

Regional/social version of a language that all speakers can still understand

Language family

A group of languages all descendent from one ancient language

Large-scale process

Historical events or processes that affected a large group of people/large area of land (applicable to present tense as well)

Lingua franca

A language used by people who speak different native languages to communicate easier

Linguistics

The study of language, it’s history, structure, and how it’s used

Multiculturalism

When many cultures live together in one society, in respect and unity

Place making

Creating places that reflect a community’s culture and identity

Post modern architecture

Architecture that combines styles and decorations as to avoid being plain

Relocation diffusion

The spread of culture throughout a population when a new group of people with different culture move

Sense of place

The feelings and meanings and characteristics people associate with a place

Sequent occupancy

As people live somewhere, they leave their cultural footprint overtime, shaping the cultural landscape

Sikhism

Fifth largest religion worldwide, founded in India, monotheistic, preachers equality, selfless service, and living and honest, humble life

Small scale process

Historic events that impacted people on a local level

Stimulus Diffusion

An idea spreads but the people who adopted it change the original concept to fit their customs/culture

Syncretism

Blending of different cultures to create a new culture

Time space convergence

Places feel closer overtime because travel and communication becomes easier due to innovations

Toponym

Official name given to a place

Trade

Exchange of goods and services

Traditional architecture

Building style that reflects traditional culture and history

Universalizing religion

Religion that wants to share its beliefs and attract followers from all across the world

Urbanization

When more people move from rural to urban areas over time