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Ch25 txtbk
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Evolution
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45 Terms
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1
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adventitious
describes an organ that grows in an unusual place, such as a roots growing from the side of a stem
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antheridium
male gametangium
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archegonium
female gametangium
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capsule
case of the sporangium in mosses
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charophyte
other term for green algae; considered the closest relative of land plants
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club mosses
earliest group of seedless vascular plants
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diplontic
diploid stage is the dominant stage
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embryophyte
other name for land plant; embryo is protected and nourished by the sporophyte
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extant
still-living species
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extinct
no-longer-existing species
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fern
seedless vascular plant that produces large fronds; the most advanced group of seedless vascular plants
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gametangium
structure on the gametophyte in which gametes are produced
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gemma
(plural, gemmae) leaf fragment that spreads for asexual reproduction
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haplodiplodontic
haploid and diploid stages alternate
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haplontic
haploid stage is the dominant stage
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heterosporous
produces two types of spores
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homosporous
produces one type of spore
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hornworts
group of non-vascular plants in which stomata appear
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horsetail
seedless vascular plant characterized by joints
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lignin
complex polymer impermeable to water
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liverworts
most primitive group of the non-vascular plants
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lycophyte
club moss
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megaphyll
larger leaves with a pattern of branching veins
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megaspore
female spore
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microphyll
small size and simple vascular system with a single unbranched vein
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microspore
male spore
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mosses
group of bryophytes in which a primitive conductive system appears
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non-vascular plant
plant that lacks vascular tissue, which is formed of specialized cells for the transport of water and nutrients
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peat moss
Sphagnum
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peristome
tissue that surrounds the opening of the capsule and allows periodic release of spores
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phloem
tissue responsible for transport of sugars, proteins, and other solutes
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protonema
tangle of single-celled filaments that forms from the haploid spore
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rhizoids
thin filaments that anchor the plant to the substrate
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seedless vascular plant
plant that does not produce seeds
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seta
stalk that supports the capsule in mosses
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sporocyte
diploid cell that produces spores by meiosis
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sporophyll
leaf modified structurally to bear sporangia
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sporopollenin
tough polymer surrounding the spore
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streptophytes
group that includes green algae and land plants
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strobili
cone-like structures that contain the sporangia
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tracheophyte
vascular plant
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vascular plant
plant containing a network of cells that conducts water and solutes through the organism
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vein
bundle of vascular tissue made of xylem and phloem
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whisk fern
seedless vascular plant that lost roots and leaves by reduction
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xylem
tissue responsible for long-distance transport of water and nutrients
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