Week 3 - Biological Molecules

mono

one

poly

many

gluc/glyc

sugar

saccharide

sugar

ose

sugar

ase

enzyme

philic

likes

phobic

fear

hydro

water

hem

blood

Vocabulary

glycogen

complex carbohydrate that stores glucose in animals

cellulose

complex carbohydrate that provides structure in plant cells (cell wall)

starch

complex carbohydrate that stores glucose in plants

phospholipid

lipid that forms the cell membrane; made of one hydrophilic head and two hydrophobic tails

steroid

lipid that supports the cell membrane and secretes hormones

cholesterol

a steroid (lipid) found in the cell membrane that stabilizes the movement of the membrane

hemoglobin

protein found on red blood cells that helps transport oxygen throughout the body

insulin

protein released by the pancreas when glucose needs to be stored as glycogen in the liver

peptide bond

bond that holds amino acids together

polypeptide

chain of amino acids before they are folded into a functional shape