Neo-freudians

Carl Jung

Jung was a Swiss psychiatrist and one of Freud’s closest collaborators. However, he later broke away from Freud to develop his theory of personality, known as Jungian analysis. Jung’s theory emphasized the importance of the collective unconscious, a shared reservoir of knowledge and experience inherited from our ancestors

Alfred Adler

Adler was another Austrian psychiatrist who was a student of Freud’s. However, he later broke away from Freud to develop his theory of personality, known as individual psychology. Adler’s theory emphasized the importance of striving for superiority and belonging

Melanie Klein

Klein was a British psychoanalyst who contributed significantly to understanding early childhood development and child psychopathology

Karen Horney

Horney was a German-American psychoanalyst who was one of the first female psychoanalysts to be taken seriously. Her work focused on the impact of social and cultural factors on personality development. Horney believed that anxiety was the root cause of all psychopathology

Erik Erikson

Erikson was a German-American psychoanalyst who developed the theory of psychosocial development. Erikson’s theory describes the eight stages of development that people go through from birth to death