US History Chapter 1: The Collision of Cultures

Nationalism

Def: to have so much pride in one’s culture and/or country that you have a desire to spread one’s culture forcefully.

Significance/ example: Spain colonized the Americas and forcefully spread their culture, forcing the Native Americans to assimilate in Spanish culture.

Another example would be in revolutions such as the Haitian Revolution where oppressed people would fight against their oppressor

Centralized Nation States (New Monarchs in Europe)

Countries that included France, Spain, and England: established sovereignty where the leaders could establish an army and generate revenue without relying on the Catholic Church

Significance: took away power from the Catholic Church, made Europe more independent from religion (more secular), Causes by these three countries rediscovering culture after the crusades and Columbus finding the West Indies during the Renaissance.

Biological Warfare

The INTENTIONAL use of pathogens to defeat your enemy

Significance: used by the Mongols and decimates populations like in the case of smallpox in Europe

—>Smallpox

A disease that spread via biological warfare and was experienced in Europe which ravaged Europe and occured when there was a mini ice age which thus weakened Europeans immune systems

The Three Sisters

Beans, corn, and squash: the three main crops that the Native Americans used

Significance: was an innovative way to grow food when Native Americans had little resources. Planted the same three crops in the same spot.

Labor Systems

An eonomic and legal social structure society uses to organize labor

S: includes the ecomienda system, asiento, and slavery: all made the Europeans profit from people of color and those who were victims of colonization by the Europeans.

—>Ecomienda

Labor system where the government in Latin America gives the land to European colonizers, so in order for Native Americans to live on the land they once owned, they must work the land.

—>Asiento

A labor system where Spain allows other European countries to come in the Americans and sell slaves

Significance: provided other European countries other than Spain like England to make a profit and also made Spain money because they would tax the countries that brought slaves to trading ports to sell them

Also a catalyst for the Atlantic Slave Trade

Slavery

A labor system where humans are legally forced into work and considered property.

Economic Systems

Way in which a society utilizes it's environment to meet their needs to include the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.

—>Mercantilism

Economic system where the government and/or country accquires revenue to benefit the COUNTRY as a whole;the goal is to acquire as must wealth or resources for the country as possible

Significance: Accquires as much bouillon by exporting more than you import

—>Capitalism

Economic System where the goal is to accquire as much wealth as possible for the INDIVIDUAL

Significance: people would put a tariff on imports