Immune System - Innate Immunity and Key Cells

Innate Immunity

The built-in immunity individuals possess continuously, acting as an immediate defense mechanism against pathogens. Reacts in 8-12 hrs of infection. Many pathogenic microbes have adapted to resist/evade it

Phagocytes

White blood cells that engulf and digest pathogens, including macrophages and neutrophils.

Macrophages

always present and patrolling the body, actively consuming foreign pathogens, dead cells, and debris through phagocytosis.

Neutrophils

A specific type of white blood cell that primarily engages in the phagocytosis of bacteria, releases antimicrobial substances and transport oxygen. resting neutrophyl is a little circle, active neutrophils cast nets, extracellular traps to “mob” foreign invaders

Natural Killer (NK) Cells

Innate immune cells that specialize in attacking and destroying tumor cells and virus-infected cells.

Dendritic Cells

Immune cells that play a critical role in sensing pathogens and alerting other immune cells.

Lymphocytes

White blood cells comprising T-cells, B-cells, and Killer T-Cells (cytotoxic T-Cells), which further adapt and respond to infections.