Tissue Types and Epithelial Anatomy

Vocabulary flashcards covering tissue classifications, ECM components, cell junctions, and epithelial features and types based on lecture notes.

Tissue

A group of cells that function together in the body.

Histology

The microscopic study of the appearance, function, and organization of tissue.

Pathology

The study of tissue changes.

Histopathology

The combined study of histology and pathology.

Epithelial Tissue

A tissue type that forms linings, coverings, and glands, such as in the skin and GI tract.

Connective Tissue

A tissue type providing protection and support, including bone, fat, and tendons.

Muscle Tissue

A tissue type that provides movement, categorized as cardiac, smooth, and skeletal.

Nervous Tissue

A tissue type that allows communication, including the brain, spine, cords, and nerves.

Collagen

Tough, protective protein fibers that serve as a major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM).

Proteoglycans

Extracellular matrix (ECM) components characterized by a negative charge.

Tight Junctions

Cellular connections that allow no movement.

Desmosomes Junction

Cellular connections that allow slight movement.

Gap Junction

Cellular connections that allow all movement.

TVS

Transvaginal sonography.

Avascular

An epithelial tissue feature characterized by a lack of blood.

Cilia

Apical surface modifications on epithelial cells that move material across the surface.

Microvilli

Apical surface modifications on epithelial cells that increase surface area.

Squamous Epithelial Cell

A flat, thin cell.

Cuboidal Epithelial Cell

A boxy cell that is as wide as it is tall.

Columnar Epithelial Cell

A rectangular cell that is taller than it is wide, with a nucleus closer to its basal side.

Simple Epithelium

Epithelial tissue consisting of a single layer of cells.

Stratified Epithelium

Epithelial tissue containing two or more layers of cells.

Pseudostratified Epithelium

Epithelial tissue consisting of one layer that appears like more.

Goblet Cells

Mucus-secreting cells that are a common feature of simple and pseudostratified epithelia.

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Tissue consisting of a single layer of flat cells found in air sacs of lungs, heart lining, and blood vessels where rapid passage of chemical compounds occurs.

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Boxlike cells with a nucleus located near the center, found in transport areas such as the lining of gland ducts.

Simple Columnar Epithelium

Cells with nuclei located at the basal end that form the lining of sections of the digestive system and parts of the reproductive tract.

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Protective tissue located in the esophagus, mouth, and vagina.

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

Tissue found in sweat glands and salivary glands that secretes and protects.

Stratified Columnar Epithelium

Tissue located in the male urethra that secretes and protects.

Transitional Epithelium

Tissue found in the bladder, urethra, and ureters that allows stretching or expansion.