HIS 172 final exam

1. A working-class Italian immigrant in 1900 hunts small birds near his home because it’s his only cheap food source. According to the sport hunters of the time, how would he most likely be labeled?

B. A pot hunter who threatens wildlife

2. Which situation best illustrates the idea of public wildlife created by the Lacey Act (1900)?

C. A person cannot kill a songbird in their backyard without a license because wildlife belongs to everyone.

3. Which conflict shows the class tensions in 19th-century hunting culture?

A. Elite urban men buy private preserves and block local rural hunters from their traditional lands.

4. What illegal practice used torches at night to hunt animals?

B. Jack lighting

5. Which bird’s extinction symbolized moral decline and wildlife loss?

B. Passenger pigeon

6. What term describes awe + fear + wonder in nature?

B. Sublime

7. Who wrote the “transparent eyeball” line?

B. Emerson

8. Who painted The Oxbow?

C. Thomas Cole

9. What art movement painted American landscapes as divine?

B. Hudson River School

10. What Thomas Cole painting series showed the rise and fall of civilization?

B. The Course of Empire

11. Who was the first Chief of the U.S. Forest Service?

D. Gifford Pinchot

12. Who led the preservationist fight against the Hetch Hetchy dam?

B. John Muir

13. What valley in Yosemite was flooded for San Francisco’s water supply?

B. Hetch Hetchy

14. What philosophy did Pinchot follow?

C. “Greatest good for the greatest number.”

15. What early 1900s movement taught children morals through nature?

B. Nature Study Movement

16. Which radioactive isotope mimics calcium and accumulates in bones?

D. Strontium-90

17. What Utah town had extremely high childhood leukemia from fallout?

B. St. George

18. In what year was Silent Spring published?

C. 1962

19. Which pesticide thinned eggshells and harmed eagles

B. DDT

20. What environmental agency was founded in 1970?

C. EPA

21. Who designed Central Park?

C. Frederick Law Olmsted

22. What community was displaced to build Central Park?

B. Seneca Village

23. What was the first national park in the world (1872)?

B. Yellowstone

24. What major transportation company promoted national parks through art and tourism?

C. Northern Pacific Railroad

25. What is Aldo Leopold’s most famous ethical principle called?

B. Land Ethic

26. What essay contains Leopold’s story of the “fierce green fire” dying in a wolf’s eyes?

B. Thinking Like a Mountain

27. Who pioneered the first “roadless” wilderness protection at Trappers Lake (1919)?

B. Arthur Carhart

28. What contradiction defines the National Park Service mission?

B. Preserve nature but also allow millions of visitors

29. What false idea did national parks promote about wilderness?

C. That wilderness was uninhabited and untouched

30. What book by William Cronon critiques the cultural myth of wilderness?

C. The Trouble with Wilderness