102E.1-3 QUIZ

Transmission of infection, Infection control, First Aid

Efforts to prevent the spread of communicable diseases is described as:

Infection control

What are the 3 methods of infection control?

Sanitation, disinfection, sterilization

Removing dirt, debris, and potential pathogens to aid in slowing the growth of pathogens is:

Cleaning (sanitation)

What process may be used to loosen pathogens for removal when cleaning a surface? 

Scrubbing

A product that can be applied to the skin to reduce pathogens is called an:

Antiseptic

What percentage of alcohol can be used as an antiseptic for the skin?

70%

What is the infection control procedure that kills certain pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi) with the exception of spores on nonporous surfaces?

Disinfection

What term identifies how long a disinfectant needs to be in direct contact with the surface or item to be disinfected?

Contact time

Ellen has noticed mold beginning to grow near the sink. Which type of disinfectant does she need to use to destroy this fungus?

Fungicide

The regulatory agency under the U.S. department of labor that enforces safety and health standards in the workplace is:

OSHA (Occupational safety and health administration)

What requires that employees be informed of the dangers of the materials used in the workplace?

Hazard communication standard (HCS)

Two important regulations that OSHA has put in place to assist in safe operations are:

Hazard communication standard (HCS) + bloodborne pathogens standard

What information does the SDS provide?

Information about a chemical’s hazards, safe handling, storage, first aid, spill cleanup, emergency procedures.

Within the Globally Harmonized System (GHS), a skull and crossbones inside a red diamond represents:

POISON/TOXIC

Which agency approves the efficacy of products used for infection control?

EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)

What does the efficacy label inform users of?

What pathogens the disinfectant kills and how to use it properly- including the required contact time.

An approved EPA- registered disinfectant is effective on what type of surface?

Nonporous surfaces

Infectious micro-organisms in human blood that can cause disease in humans are called:

Bloodborne pathogens

What does complete immersion mean?

Completely covering the item with disinfectant for the required contact time.

Multiple quats are usually able to disinfect within:

10 minutes

To be an effective disinfectant, bleach needs to contain which of the following ingredients?

Sodium hypochlorite

What type of disinfectant is nontoxic to the skin?

Accelerated hydrogen peroxide (AHP)

Which disinfection types are known as cancer-causing chemicals?

Phenolic disinfectants 

All tools or supplies that come in contact with the client during a service must be discarded or:

Cleaned/disinfected

How often should the solution in disinfectant containers be changed?

Everyday or immediately after it becomes dirty or contaminated. 

The eradication of all microbial life, including bacterial spores is:

Sterilization

Sterilization standards require the use of heat, steam or:

Chemical vapor

What piece of equipment is often used to sterilize objects?

Autoclave

What is the unintentional transfer or harmful bacteria from one person, object or surface to another with harmful effects?

Cross-contamination

What do you do first when a blood-exposure incident occurs?

Put on gloves and stop service to control the exposure safely. 0

If an accident happens at the workplace, record what happened and how it was handled in a:

Accident report

What law was enacted to encourage people to help others in an emergency situation?

The Good Samaritan Law

When performing first aid for bleeding wounds, what is the next step after bleeding stops?

Clean the wound and apply a bandage or gauze

What type of burn extends beneath the epidermis into the dermis causing a blister to form?

Second-degree burn

To avoid burning a client with an exfoliation or peeling treatment, a patch test can be performed on the inside of the clients arm or:

Behind the ear.

Chemical burns should be treated by:

Immediately remove the chemical, flush the area with cool water, stop the treatment, seek medical help if the burn is severe.

If skin is broken as a result of a heat or electrical burn, what should you do?

Stop the service, cover the area with a clean cloth or gauze, don’t apply products, get medical help if necessary.

When you believe a person may be choking, what step should be taken FIRST?

Ask the person if they are choking and see if they speak or cough- if they cannot then begin abdominal thrusts while someone else dials 911 to get medical help. 

During a skin care treatment chemical solution has dripped into a clients eyes- what is the first step the esthetician should take?

Immediately flush the client's eye out for at least 15 minutes (make sure it is not dripping in the other eye), dry with clean cloth. If it is more irritating or worse, get medical help. 

What should be done when caring for a person with a cut, scratch, or embedded object in their eye?

Secure gauze pad with a bandage, place gauze pad or cloth over both eyes, get to the emergency room or eye specialist immediately. 

What type of immunity is provided when a person is given antibodies to a disease rather than producing them through their own immune system?

Passive immunity 

When exposure to a disease organism triggers the immune system to produce antibodies to that disease, it is called:

Active immunity

The body’s ability to destroy infectious agents that enter is is:

Immunity

Applying the same infection control procedures on all clients is a practice known as:

Standard precautions

A person carrying disease-producing bacteria or viruses with no recognizable symptoms is called a:

Asymptomatic carrier

What occurs when the circulatory system carries bacteria and their toxins to all parts of the body?

General (systemic) infection

What is a local infection?

An infection confined to one area of the body. 

What are some signs of an infection?

Redness, swelling, pain, heat, pus (drainage)

When an infectious disease spreads through the air or makes contact with a contaminated object, it is referred to as:

Indirect transmission

What type of slime is created when a bacterial colony and water are present?

Biofilm

A pediculicide shampoo kills:

Head lice

Another name for head lice is:

Pediculosis capitis

Organisms that live on or obtain nutrients from another organism are known as:

External parasites

A virus that attacks and destroys the infection- fighting cells of the immune system is called:

HIV

What type of contagious virus can show up as a cold sore?

Herpes

It is recommended that personal service workers such as nurses, doctors, teachers, and salon professionals be inoculated against which infectious disease?

Hepatitis B

What is a highly infectious disease that infects the liver?

Hepatitis (B) or HPV

A difference between viruses and bacterial infections is:

Bacterial infections can usually be treated with antibiotics-

Viral infections cannot.

What are some diseases caused by a virus?

Common cold, respiratory infections, hepatitis, herpes, HIV/AIDS, chickenpox/measles. 

What is MRSA?

Highly contagious bacterium that enters the skin through open wounds and can cause extremely serious staph infections. 

A special group or type of antibodies which render a toxic substance harmless are known as:

Antitoxins

What are produced by the immune system to either destroy, kill, or inactivate pathogens? 

Antibodies

Strep throat, staph infection, and impetigo are examples of:

Contagious diseases (communicable diseases)

A communicable disease refers to a disease that is:

Contagious; can spread from person to person 

What are some ways that infectious bacteria can easily spread in the workplace?

Dirty hands, contaminated tools or equipment, unclean surfaces/towels/tools, blood or bodily fluids, improper sanitation/disinfection. 

What are some things that pathogenic bacteria are responsible for?

Disease, toxins, infections.  

Bacterial cells that cause infection and diseases are:

Pathogenic

A type of nonpathogenic bacteria that live on dead or decaying organic matter are:

Saprophytes

What approximate percent of all bacteria are harmless?

70%

Bacteria that are harmless and can even be beneficial are called:

Nonpathogenic

Another term that means the same as germ is:

Pathogens

What type of one-celled micro-organisms are sometimes called germs?

Bacteria