Population and Samples

Types of Probability Sampling

• Simple

• Stratified

• Cluster

• Systematic

How is sample size in quantitative studies determined?

• effect size

• type of quantitative study conducted

• number of variables

• measurement sensitivity

• data analysis techniques

• power analysis

Population

A particular group of individuals or elements who are the focus of the research

Target Population

an entire set of individuals or elements who meet the sampling criteria

Accessible Population

the portion of the target population to which the researcher has reasonable access

Elements

individual units of the populations and sample

Sample

selected group of people or elements from which data are collected for a study

Sampling Plan

Sampling method; defines the selection process

Inclusion Criteria

Characteristics the subject or element MUST possess to be apart of the target population

Exclusion Criteria

characteristics that can cause a person or element to be EXCLUDED from the target population

Homogeneous Sample

as similar as possible so as to control for extraneous variable

Heterogeneous sample

represents a broad range of values

Sampling Error

Difference between the population mean and the mean of the sample