Biology Active Transport

Active Transport

Movement of substances from low concentration to high concentration or against the concentration gradient, requiring energy.

ATP

The energy source that supplies the necessary energy for active transport.

Carrier Protein

A protein that facilitates the movement of molecules across a membrane during active transport.

Protein Pump

A type of carrier protein that actively transports molecules against their concentration gradient.

Antiport

A type of transport that moves molecules in opposite directions across a membrane.

Symport

A type of transport that moves molecules in the same direction across a membrane.

Primary Active Transport

A process that directly uses a source of chemical energy to move molecules against their gradient.

Na/K Pump

An example of primary active transport that maintains correct concentrations of Na+ and K+ in animal cells.

Secondary Active Transport

A process that uses an electrochemical gradient as an energy source to move molecules against their gradient, without directly requiring ATP.

Cotransport

Another term for secondary active transport, where two substances are transported simultaneously.

Electrogenic Pump

A pump, like the Na/K pump, that generates voltage across the cell membrane by moving ions.

Glucose and Salt Treatment

A method used to treat diarrhea by providing a drink with high levels of glucose and salt to aid in Na absorption.

Bulk Transport

A type of transport that requires energy to move large quantities of materials into or out of the cell.

Exocytosis

The process by which a cell secretes biological molecules by fusing vesicles with the plasma membrane.

Endocytosis

The process by which a cell takes in molecules and particulate matter by forming new vesicles from the plasma membrane.

Phagocytosis

A type of endocytosis where the cell engulfs large particles or cells.

Pinocytosis

A type of endocytosis where the cell takes in liquid and small particles.

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

A type of endocytosis that involves the uptake of specific molecules based on their binding to receptors on the cell surface.