Botany - Plant Kingdom Lecture 01 Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering the systems of plant classification and the basic characteristics of Kingdom Plantae as discussed in Botany Lecture 01.

R.H. Whittaker ($1969$)

The scientist who proposed the Five Kingdom classification consisting of Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.

Kingdom Plantae

A kingdom of Eukaryotic, mostly multicellular (except Chlorella and Chlamydomonas) organisms with cellulosic cell walls and autotrophic nutrition.

Cyanobacteria

Also known as blue green algae, these were earlier placed in Kingdom Plantae but are now excluded from it.

Artificial System of Classification

A system proposed by Carolus Linnaeus based on gross superficial morphological characters like habit, color, and vegetative or reproductive (androecium) characters.

Linnaeus's Classification of Angiosperms

A system that classified flowering plants into $24$ classes based on the number of stamens.

Natural System of Classification

A system proposed by George Bentham and Joseph Dalton Hooker based on natural affinities, considering both external features and internal features like ultrastructure, anatomy, embryology, and phytochemistry.

Phylogenetic System of Classification

A system proposed by Engler and Prantl based on evolutionary relationships, assuming that organisms in the same taxa share a common ancestor.

Numerical Taxonomy

A process carried out using computers that is based on all observable characteristics, where numbers and codes are assigned to each character for data processing.

Cytotaxonomy

Also known as Karyotaxonomy, it is based on cytological information such as chromosome number, structure, and behavior.

Chemotaxonomy

The use of chemical constituents of plants to resolve taxonomic confusions.

Groups within Kingdom Plantae

The kingdom is composed of Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms.