A&P Skull- Cranial Nerves main function

I Olfactory Nerves

sense of smell

II Optic Nerve

sense of light/dark/color

III Oculomotor Nerve

1. extraocular movement for eyes

IV Trochlear Nerve

2. extraocular movement for eyes

V Trigeminal Nerve

3 branches

V Trigeminal Nerve v1 Ophthalmic Nerve

touch/pain/temp in upper 1/3 of face

V Trigeminal Nerve v2 Maxillary Nerve

touch/pain/temp in middle 1/3 of face

V Trigeminal Nerve v3 Mandibular Nerve

touch/pain/temp in lower 1/3 of face

VI Abducens Nerve

3. extraocular movement for eyes

VII Facial Nerves

controls facial muscles and sense of taste in anterior 2/3 of tongue

VIII Vestibulocochlear Nerve

body equilibrium and hearing and sound

IX glossopharyngeal Nerve

controls 1 throat muscle for deglutition (swallowing), and temp, pain, and touch in throat muscles, special feature: detects BP in the carotid artery, taste on posterior ⅓ of tongue

X Vagus Nerve

Motor: throat muscles (deglutition), larynx muscles (vocalization), trachea muscles (contracts tracheal muscles and promotes secretion in trachea mucosa, cardiac muscles (slows down heart muscle contraction), gastrointestinal tract muscles (faster, promotes GI secretion of digestive fluid)

Sensory: touch, pain, and temp in the throat, detects BP in aortic muscles, taste only for bitterness, and detects the presence of food nutrients

XI Accessory Nerve

controls sternocleidomastoid m. and trapezoid m.

XII Hypoglossal Nerve

controls tongue muscles (vocalization, chewing and swallowing)