ITE083- PROJECT MANAGEMENT

SAS1 AND 2

A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique project

A project

This is a discipline that involves planning, organizing, leading and controlling of resources to achieve a specific goal.

Project Management

This is a formal document outlining the course of a project from start to end

A project plan

This is an initial formal document outlining the scope, objectives, stakeholders and the key roles and responsibilities of the members of a project.

Project Charter

A collection of guidelines accepted as standards for a project management

PMBOK-(Project Management Body Of Knowledge)

The 5 phases of a project life cycle

Design(Initiation)

2. Planning

3. Execution

4. Monitoring and controlling

5. closing/closure

This phase defines the vision and goals of the project.

Initiation(design)

This phase involves outlining the scope and estimated budget plan

Planning

This phase involves coordinating the people and resources to carry out the plan

Execution

This phase involves tracking, reviewing and monitoring the project performance and ensuring that the project matches with the status quo.

Monitoring and controlling

This phase involves finalizing the project and delivering the final outcome.

Closing/closure

This is term is part of the triple constraints, it is the total tasks, requirements and resources in order to complete the project successfully.

Scope

This is a formal way of planning larger components of a project into smaller, manageable tasks.

WBC(Work Breakdown Structure)

This is a way to mark significant points along the life cycle of the project.

Milestone

This is an iterative and flexible approach used to deliver projects in a shorter and rapid time and it is called ”Sprints”

Agile

This can be a report, document, a project component or final project delivered at the end of a project.

Deliverable

This is an integrated set of components that solve a problem or add value.

System

The triple constraints of a project are

Budget

time

scope

These are set of interrelated components that collect, process, store and distribute data in order to support decision making and control in an organization

Information System

This is an additional component of IS that provides the feedback to help the system achieve it’s goals.

Control

The full meaning of SDLC

System Development Life Cycle

Another name for SDLC

ADLC(Application Development Life Cycle)

This is a term used in engineering to describe a process for planning, creating, testing, deployment of an Information system.

SDLC

List the phases of SDLC

1. Preliminary Analysis

2. System analysis

3. System Design

4. Development

5. Testing

6. Deployment

7. Maintenance

8. Evaluation

9. Disposal

This phase of SDLC also known as background analysis involves identifying the objectives and problems and defining the scope of the system.

Preliminary analysis

This phase of SDLC involves gathering and analyzing the end users needs and requirements

System analysis

This phase of SDLC involves creating the design specs for input, output, processing and also the estimated budget.

System Design

This phase of SDLC involves writing the code and building the system based on the design.

Development

This phase of SDLC involves combining the components and testing for errors ensuring the interoperability

Testing

This phase of SDLC involves installing the system for use in a live environment

Deployment

This phase of SDLC involves continuous monitoring ensuring the system doe not become obsolete

Maintenance

This phase of SDLC involves continuous monitoring, evaluating and improving of the system

Evaluating

This phase of SDLC is the process of planning for system retirement, discarding of information, archives and hardware and software.

Disposal

Full meaning of SAD

System Analysis and Design

This is the process of developing the Information System to effectively use the hardware, software, data, and people to support the company’s business objectives.

SAD

List the 3 approaches of SAD

Traditional Waterfall SDLC

Agile Methodologies

Object oriented analysis and design(OOAD)

This approach is a step-by-step approach in which one phase must be done before moving to the next phase and is based on hierarchy and silo structure also making high restart cost high.

Traditional Waterfall SDLC

This approach focuses on the users, it is a flexible approach in which for them to deliver better systems they break their project into smaller iterations called “Sprints” and they encourage frequent testing and reviewing and feed back which is why restart cost is low and is suitable for smaller projects.

Agile methodologies

This approach combines data and processes into objects, thereby setting models to represent the various functionality and views of the system. The process is called UML. This approach is more suitable for projects based on scalability and reusability

OOAD(object oriented analysis and design)

Full meaning of UML

Unified Modelling Language

This is the first step in starting a new project. This phase establishes why you are doing the project and what business value it will deliver.

Project Initiation

The 4 stages of initiating a project

1. Creating a project charter or business case

2. Identify the key stakeholders or pitch

3. Run a feasibility study

4. Assembly your team and tools

2 Elements of a project charter

why: Project goals and purpose

What: Project scope and budget outline

who: key stakeholders

2 Elements of business case

1. Financial statement(ROI)

2. Project risks

3. Action Plan

The role of these people is to ensure overall success, timeline, budget and resources

Project Manager

Their role s to actively work on phases, documentation, expertise, user collaboration

Project team member

Their role is to develop business requirements and identify problems

Business Analysts

Their role is to interpret the Business Analysts requirements for software and review objectives

System Analyst

Their role is to create visual elements and modern design trends to meet the needs of the user

UI/UX designer

Their role is to convert requirements into clickable apps

Software engineer

Their role is to ensure that the design meets the right requirements

Test Engineers

Their role is to produce the written content for marketing

Copywriter

Their work is to combine 2D art digital skills; develops original content

Illustrator

Their role is to combine graphic design, animations, visual effects to tell stories

Motion Graphic Designer

Oversees consistent performances, assigns animators, ensures on-time/on-budget delivery.

Animation Director

Their role is to provides sound to accompany screen action

Sound Designer

These are the people or organizations involved or affected by the project

Stakeholders

These are the people or group that provide the financial resources

Sponsors

This is a way of seeing and talking about the reality to better understand and work with systems

System Thinking

This means understanding how one thing leads to another in a dynamic system.

Causality

This is a diagram for visualizing the interrelationships between variables in a system.

Casual Loop diagram

The four elements of Casual Loop diagram

1. Variables

2. links

3. Sign Of loop

4. sign of the link

This is the key element of the system

Variable

These are the arrows connecting to the variable

Links

This indicates how two variables are connected

Sign on the link

This shows the type of behavior the system will produce in a loop

Sign of the loop

This amplifies change, the more it happens the more it continues to happen, it behavior is either exponential growth or decline

Reinforcing

If A increase and B increase what kind of loop type is that

Reinforcing

This loop resists change and tries to stay equilibrium or stable

Balancing

If A increases and B decrease what type of loop is that

Balancing

If the arrows are going in the same direction it is ______ if their going in opposite direction it is______

1. Reinforcing

2. Balancing

If the amount of negative signs is Odd it is _______, If it is Even it is _______

1. Balancing

2. Reinforcing