Unit 2.1- Biological bases practice test

The google forms practice test for the 1st test of the biological bases unit, which deals with neurons, the nervous system, and the brain.

The peripheral nervous system consists of:

sensory and motor neurons.

What disease is related to degeneration of the neuron’s myelin sheath that speeds the transmission on neural impulses along the axon?

Multiple Sclerosis

Antidepressants such as Prozac target the reuptake of what neurotransmitter?

serotonin

As Allison reaches for a box in her garage, out jumps a big spider. Her heart immediately begins to race as she withdraws her hand, but soon she realizes that the spider is harmless, and she begins to calm down. Which part of her nervous system is responsible for brining her back to a normal state of arousal?

parasympathetic nervous system

After suffering an accidental brain injury, Kira has difficulty walking in a smooth and coordinated manner. It is most probable that she has suffered damage to her:

cerebellum.

Which region of the brain appears to have the oldest evolutionary history?

brainstem

Following massive damage to his frontal lobes, Phineas Gage was most strikingly debilitated by:

irritability, poor decision making.

A new superhero emerges on the scene. This superhero is able to stay awake and vigilant for extended amounts of time. He helps the intelligence community by being able to stay in surveillance for extended amounts of time without losing concentration and can always be paying attention to what is happening. A study of this superhero’s brain might show that the ____________ is more advanced and developed than a non-superhero’s.

reticular formation

You are a neurologist in a large hospital. The wife of a construction worker visits you and describes that her husband has experienced a serious injury to his frontal lobe. She is perplexed by his behavior. Which of the following would you tell her is “normal behavior” for a person with frontal lobe damage?

all of these are commonly seen in frontal lobe damage

If Dr. Barnes wanted to cause a cat to take on an fearful attack posture, which of the cat’s brain structures should he electrically stimulate?

amygdala

Due to an automobile accident, Jenny suffered damage to her cerebral cortex in Wernicke's area and could not comprehend speech. Jenny is most likely to experience:

aphasia.

You are what you eat. This saying reflects perspectives about human beings. Which of the following perspectives does this saying reflect?

nurture

Which part of the brain is responsible for speaking words into sentences?

Broca's area

Damage to the medulla would most likely result in:

Heart and respiratory failure

An EEG records

Electrical impulses from the brain

Which part of the brain connects and communicates between the two hemispheres and is affected during a split

brain operation?

The limbic system is responsible for

Emotions

Bodily sensations such as touch are controlled in which area of the brain

Parietal lobe

Wernicke's area which works the understanding of others is located on which lobe of the brain?

Left temporal lobe

The main job of the thalamus is

receiving sensory information and relaying it to the appropriate area

Joel's pupils become dilated, his digestion is reduced, and his skin becomes cold. Which system is controlling his bodily changes?

Sympathetic

Which of the following systems produces, circulates, and regulates levels of hormones in the body?

Endocrine system

Which of the following is the correct sequence of the neural chain of events set in motion by an environmental pain stimulus?

Receptors, sensory neurons(Afferent), interneurons, motor neurons(Efferent)

Neurotransmitters are typically stored in which of the following parts of a neuron?

The terminal buttons

Which part of the nervous system is most immediately activated by sudden fear?

Sympathetic

The sequence of shifts in the electrical charge of a neuron is called

the action potential

Brain damage that leaves a person capable of understanding speech but with an impaired ability to produce speech most likely indicates injury to which of the following?

Broca's area

____________ mimic neurotransmitters, while _____________ block neurotransmitters.

Agonists; Antagonists

The green part is the ________ and _______ the neural message.

Axon; sends

The red part is ____________ and contains ___________.

axon terminals; neuotransmitters

The blue part is the __________ and works______________.

Frontal; motor cortex and judgement

The yellow part is the ____________ and works ______________.

Parietal; somatosensory cortex

This left hemisphere most likely works _____________.

Language

This snake will trigger a fear response in the ____________; which leads to the _____________ part of the nervous system arousing the body.

amygdala; sympathetic

Significant damage to which of the following parts of the brain will most likely cause a person to fall into a deep coma from which the person will be unable to awaken?

Reticular formation

After an electrode implanted in a cat's brain stimulates the cat's amygdala, the cat will most likely do which of the following?

Immediately withdrawal in fear

Immediately after firing, a neuron is incapable of responding to stimulation. this condition is referred to as

the refractory phase

The function of dendrites is to

receive information from other neurons

Which of the following would most likely result from an injury to the medulla?

A life

A person with damage to Broca's area would most likely demonstrate which of the following symptoms?

Difficulty with speech production

Mary participates in an exercise program because she experiences an increase in energy and feeling of well

being at the end of each exercise session. The best explanation for Mary's perseverance in the program is that exercise

A person will most likely develop aphasia as a result of damage to which of the following parts of the brain?

Wernicke's area

Difficulty in typing smoothly on a keyboard would most likely result from damage to the

Cerebellum

In extreme cases, surgically severing the corpus callosum is a treatment for which of the following conditions?

Epilepsy

Electrically stimulating a rat's amygdala would most likely produce which of the following?

Aggression

A basic assumption underlying the evolutionary approach to sexual attraction is that men seek potential mates who

appear fertile

Damage to a small part of the occipital lobe would most likely result in a

visual deficit

Which area of the brain is not well developed until after three years of age, offering a possible explanation for infantile amnesia?

Hippocampus

Which of the following are NOT part of a neuron?

Synapses

A person accidentally touches a hand to a hot stove and quickly pulls the hand away, even before sensory information about the hot stove reaches the brain. The person's reaction is most directly enabled by

a spinal reflex

The pituitary gland is controlled by the

hypothalamus

An Agonist _______________; an Antagonist _____________.

Mimics; Blocks at the Postsynaptic gap