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The dispute described in the above speech, and depicted in the map, was most directly an effect of which of the following processes in Post-WWII international relations?

Post-colonialism.

The activities of the state described in this speech are MOST consistent with which of the following contexts?

After World War II, newly independent states increased their role in guiding economic development.

Gamel Abdel Nasser's purpose in this speech was primarily

to justify his nationalization of the Suez Canal to the international community.

Which of the following earlier events BEST reflect the desire to present a united from against Soviet military power as discussed in the speech above?

U.S. president Harry Truman supporting the proposed National Security Council Report 68.

Thatcher's arguments about external aggression are BEST understood in the context of which of the following?

The Cold War.

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn about Thatcher's motives for speaking so pointedly in this speech?

Thatcher's goal was to increase defense spending.

Which of the following governments can also be described as communist?

China under Mao Zedong.

The above excerpt from the "Secret Speech" was meant to inspire which of the following?

Separation from the past.

Russia turned to communism during the 20th century mostly as a result of

the brutal oppression of the Russian people under czarism in concurrence with major crop failures.

All of the following countries were initial members of the Non-Alignment Movement EXCEPT?

Hungary

Member states of the Non-Aligned Movement sought to resist political domination by which of the following?

All of the above.

Which of the following best characterizes the intention of Non-Alignment Movement members?

The maintenance of sovereignty and independence through Cold War neutrality.

Based on the above excerpt, which of the following provides the BEST interpretation of the relationship between the Cold War and El Salvador?

El Salvador was an example of a proxy war between the Soviets and the United States.

Which of the following revolutions is most closely associated with Duarte's statement of an international Marxist strategy... to obtain control of Central America, and the Caribbean"?

Fidel Castro and the Cuban Revolution.

Stalin blames "catastrophic wars" such as the Second World War on which of the following?

Capitalism

The viewpoint expressed by Stalin strongly prefigures all of the following conflicts EXCEPT

The Iran-Iraq War

Stalin's remarks in the passage relate most to which of the following developments of the twentieth century?

Emergence of a rivalry and tension between the Soviet Union and the United States along with their respective allies.

Based on the information on the map and your knowledge of World History, the conflict above is BEST understood in the context of which of the following?

The Cold War.

Which of the following BEST explains a development of the Korean War charted on the three maps?

The Chinese Communist Party helped the North Koreans by sending in troops from the north.

Which one of the following nations was, like Korea, divided into two competing political states during this period?

Vietnam.

Which of the following events would explain China's significant role in the Korean War?

The Chinese Communist Revolution.

The excerpt above is MOST correlated with which of the following?

The Cold War.

Which of the following explains the motivation behind the establishment of NATO?

To decrease the rapid nuclear armament of nations.

Which of the following conclusions about the period from 1949 to the present can be drawn from this excerpt?

Nations participating in NATO face diplomatic challenges, including developing mutually agreed upon solutions.

The historian's mention of "several contingent crises" in Latin America during the fifteen years prior to the Cuban Revolution of 1959 was most likely a reference to which of the following?

The adoption of new economic policies by certain nationalist leaders that contributed to interventionism by the United States

Which of the following best demonstrates the "peak intensity" of Cold War tensions following Castro's "triumphant march into Havana" (the capital of Cuba)?

The Cuban Missile Crisis

The historian's reference to the "ideological ferment occasioned by decolonization" is supported day which of the following events or developments during the Cold War?

Nationalist leaders in certain colonies utilized a Marxist interpretation of history to bring an end to their unequal relationship with their colonizers.

Which of the following events had the least to do with the political cartoon?

Great Leap Forward.

Based on the political cartoon, which of the following policies did the U.S. adapt under the Truman Doctrine of 1947?

Containment.

Which of the following events provides the MOST significant historical context for the two government policies identified in the chart?

The Chinese Communist Revolution.

Which description would LEAST likely account for the dramatic shifts in birth and mortality rates portrayed in the chart during the Great Leap Forward?

The Third Plague, an influenza pandemic, swept through China in this period of time.

Based on the chart above, and your understanding of world history, which statement MOST accurately explains Chinese population trends in the years 1950-2015?

Overall population growth decreased during the years of the Great Leap Forward and the one-child policy.

Which of the following programs shares basic common features with China's one-child policy?

An involuntary sterilization program put in place by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi in India in the 1970's.

The actions taken by Chairman Mao Zedong represent a broader global trend in that

the global poor often turned to communist solutions to their problems.

Which of the following is an accurate depiction of the relationship between Chairman Mao's actions and those of the previous leadership of the Soviet Union?

The Soviet Union saw its communist revolution emerging from industrial workers, not agricultural.

Which of the following could serve as evidence to challenge Mao's central argument in the speech above?

Widespread failures in industrialization and collectivization led to peasant repression and hunger.

The previous government before Chairman Mao's revolution suffered similarly to other major land-based empire at the turn of the 20th century insofar as

the states failed to meet the economic or social needs of a wide array of peoples.

During the latter half of the 20th century, leaders in China as well as other industrializing nations challenged the views presented by Mao in that they

incorporated policies leading to economic liberalization.

Aside from Britain and the rest of the West, which of the following countries do you think Mao was MOST interested in surpassing with his Great Leap Forward?

Russia.

Based on the source above, which of the following most likely explains why Mao thought a technological revolution was necessary for China to take a Great Leap Forward?

To compete with the West, China needed to industrialize.

In addition to achieving a rapid "technological revolution," which of the following was most likely a secondary goal of Mao's Great Leap Forward?

Improving/controlling the people of China.

Based on the above source, which of the following best explains why the Chinese peasantry was moved onto communes during the Great Leap Forward?

To pool resources for domestic tasks peasants no longer had time for.

Based on your knowledge of the communist movement in China, which of the following best explains why many of the Great Leap Forward's public-works projects were poorly planned?

Earlier purgers of intellectuals left few experts to rely on.

Increasing yields 10,000% in the span of a year is an unlikely feat. Which of the following best explains why grain production was so overinflated during the Great Leap Forward?

Cadres tasked with meeting production quotas wanted to prove their patriotism by exceeding them.

Based on the above excerpt, which of the following best characterizes the author's views on communism?

Sympathetic to the larger goal, but honest about the missteps.

In the midst of widespread famine, which of the following best explains why China continued exporting grain during the Great Leap Forward?

Reducing agricultural exports would have meant admitting that the Great Leap Forward had failed.

After famine, which of the following aspects of the Great Leap Forward likely took the most Chinese lives?

Punishment administered by cadre members.

Which of the following best summarizes the impact of the Great Leap Forward?

It failed to industrialize China and cost millions of lives.

The statements above MOST strongly indicate that Nkrumah believed that

Africans must adopt an attitude of complete self-sufficiency.

The Pan-African movement is best understood in the context of which of the following historical developments?

The decline of European colonial rule in the later 1900s.

Which of the following was most similar to the Pan-African aspirations of Kwame Nkrumauh?

The creation of the European Union in 1993.

According to the map and newspaper, in which of the following ways did religion have the greatest impact on the political independence of British India?

They have led to the division of four countries: Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, and Myanmar (Burma).

Which of the following MOST accurately describes the governments of India and Pakistan?

While both countries are parliamentary Muslim while India is still controlled by Hindus.

The border dispute between India and Pakistan has manifested itself in which of the following ways?

The border dispute between India and Pakistan has persisted to present day, resulting in migration and transnationalism.

Which of the following BEST describes the difference between the struggle for independence in India and Vietnam?

Unlike India, Vietnam's struggle for independence was complicated by the geopolitical realities of the Cold War.

Taken together, the idea expressed in these passages refer to

independence movements that resulted in new states systems.

Ideas expressed in these passages would MOST likely re-appear in which of the following conflicts?

Angola declaring independence from he Portuguese Empire.

Which of the following factors fueled the independence movements described in both sources?

A desire for governmental change.

Which of the following historical interpretations BEST describes the legacies of colonialism in the 20th century illustrated in the above source?

Emerging ideologies of anti-imperialism contributed to the dissolution of empires and the restructuring of states.

Which of the following BEST describes the global context for the above source?

The Cold War determined how former colonial rulers treated newly independent nations in the Global South.

Articles 15, 16, and 17 of the Indian Constitution are MOST consistent with which of the following historical developments?

UN ratification of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

A historian would MOST likely use the Articles 15, 16, and 17 from the Indian Constitution to explain which of the following?

Establishment of democracy in India since its independence.

Articles 15, 16, and 17 of the Indian Constitution MOST challenged which of the following?

Rules of Indian social relations according to Hindu traditions.

Based on two passages above, it can be best concluded that in the 1950's and 1960's that

Some regions in Africa were making the transition from colonies to sovereign and independent nations.

Which statement below is MOST reflective of the two passages above?

While Nkrumah was interested in pan-African unification, Kenyatta was more focused on the unification of Kenya only.

Which of the statements below would be the BEST explanation for the difficulties Nkrumah had in achieving pan-African unity?

The existence of multiple tribal, linguistic, and religious groups within each nation made unification in Africa difficult.

What action made the path to independence for Kenya more violent than the one for Ghana?

Tribal campaigns against British settlers

BOTH excerpts above recognize which of the following aspects of human interaction with the environment as context for the conflict in Darfur, Sudan?

Climate change led to increasing desertification in drought-prone regions.

The UN report and Sikainga recognize which of the following as the major demographic and social consequences of the Dafur conflict?

Military conflict led to forms of genocide and ethnic violence.

Which of the following legacies of British colonialism 1

Inherited imperial boundaries of Sudan included ethnic groups with potential for conflict.

Which of the following statements is a conclusion that would be reached in comparing maps of the South Asian region today with the 1909 map shown above?

The pink, green, and yellow colored areas on that map represent independent and sovereign nations today.

When the Partition of India occurred in 1947, how were the Muslim-dominant region organized?

A new nation was carved out of the two major Muslim areas called West and East Pakistan.

What kind of additional information could be added to the map, which would help provide a better understanding of the tensions and displacements that played out between Muslims and Hindus in 1947?

Aside from the identification of the dominant religion in each region, the percentages of people following each religion in the contested regions should be included.

How has the status of Pakistan changed since the partition of 1947?

East Pakistan changed since the partition

According to the above Jewish National Fund poster, the collected money went to fund

Land development for Jewish settlement in the Galilee region.

Based on your knowledge of world history, which of the following states or organizations had a mandate to oversee Palestine during the twentieth century?

Great Britain.

Which of the following events had not occurred when this poster was originally circulated?

The creation of the State of Israel.

Which of the following BEST represents the primary difference between the Indian Independence Act and the "Loi-Cadre"?

The Indian Independence Act detailed the creation of two independent countries form the British colonial empire, whereas the "Loi-Cadre" outlined parameters for lands transitioning towards self-rule within the French colonial empire.

Which of the following assertions is BEST supported by the passages above?

European dominance in Asia and Africa came to an end after World War II.

Based on your knowledge of world history, which of the following was MOST LIKELY the primary inspiration behind the Indian Independence Act of 1947?

The Indian National Congress' and Muslim League's pursuit of self-rule.

Which of the following commodities led to the expansion and dissolution of the French empire in Vietnam?

Natural resources such as rubber, coal, and tin, which were essential for both industrialization and militarization.

The rhetoric of non-violent espoused by Martin Luther King and other global reform leaders in the 20th century was grounded in the belief that

violence could not fix the underlying issues of a society.

Which of the following BEST describes a similarity between the actions of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) and the views of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr?

The NAM were attempting to reject an international order which they saw was founded on violence.

Which of the following is NOT a reason that some revolutionary or reform movements rejected the rhetoric of non-violence?

The vast majority of reform or revolutionary movements in the 20th century lacked a religious background.

In contrast to the rhetoric of Martin Luther King above, states during the 20th century increasingly

developed closer ties between standing armies and industrial production.

Which of the following 20th century organizations best matches Dr. King's rhetoric in this excerpt?

International bodies such as the International Criminal Court

According to the source above, the non-violent tactics described in Gandhi's resolution are BEST understood in which of the following historical contexts?

World War II.

Which of the following was a direct result of the Quit India movement?

Gandhi and the rest of the part leaders were imprisoned.

Compared to Gandhi's views of non-cooperation, the British government's views expressed in the Cripps Mission differed in that they

believed India should fully cooperate with Great Britain's war efforts.

The views of nonviolence and non-cooperation expressed above had the greatest influence on which of the following?

Civil Rights.

Which of the following changes did Nelson Mandela and the African National Congress demand from President Botha's government?

Equal rights for all South Africans.

In which of the following ways was the struggle described by Nelson Mandela in the excerpt above similar to Chinese protests in Tiananmen Square in the same year?

Both advocated for a more democratic government.

Which of the following was major cause of the end of apartheid in South Africa?

International economic and political pressure on white South Africa.

While wars between nations became less frequent over the second half of the 20th century and into the 21st century, societies across the world have proven vulnerable to violence from which of the following?

Non-state organizations such as terrorist groups.

Which of the following best explains why movements like Black September resorted to violence?

The organizations wished to achieve certain political aims on concessions from more powerful actors.

Which of the following best identified the tactics of movements such as Black September?

Assassination, armed assault, bombing, kidnapping, airline hijacking, and hostage taking.

Which of the following claims is made to explain the reception of Pontecorvo's film in France?

The film was prohibited because it was candid about French involvement in Algeria.

Which of the following best explains the claim that the French colonel portrayed in film, though loyal, knew he was "on the wrong side of history?"

The undoing of colonialism was both justified and inevitable by the middle of the twentieth century.

Which of the following best identifies the wider context of the film the "Battle of Algiers"?

Lengthy wars of liberation occurred in the colonized world where nationalist movements faced significant settler populations.