Anatomy and Physiology - Urine Formation and Reproductive Systems

Flashcards covering key concepts related to urine formation, nephron structure, and reproductive systems.

The filtrate exiting the collecting duct is now called __.

Urine

Infiltration

Occurs within the renal corpuscle

Moving substances from the renal tubular structures towards the peritubular capillaries, retaining them in the body, is called __.

Tubular reabsorption

Moving substances from the peritubular capillaries towards the renal tubular structure, for excretion in urine, is called __.(within the nephron)

Tubular secretion

The three microscopic processes that result in the formation of urine at the level of the nephron are __.

Filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion

True or False: Tubular secretion occurs within the renal corpuscle of the nephron.

False

Moving water from the proximal convoluted tubule to the peritubular capillaries is referred to as tubular secretion. True or False?

False

The type of nephron with a renal corpuscle on the outer edge of the renal cortex and a shorter loop of Henle is called __.

Cortical nephron

The type of nephron with a renal corpuscle deeper in the renal cortex and a longer loop of Henle is called __.

Juxtamedullary nephron

True or False: The cortical nephron contains a renal corpuscle that is deeper in the renal cortex.

False

Macula densa cells are located in the __.

Distal convoluted tubule (DCT)

The grid inside the Bowman's capsule is the __.

Glomerulus

After the Bowman's capsule, the next part of the nephron is the __.

PCT

Overall, about __of reabsorption occurs at the PCT.

65%

Do the PCT and loop of Henle depend in the presence of hormones to reabsorb water? Yes or no?

No

Water reabsorption in the late DCT and collecting duct depends on which two hormones?

ADH and aldosterone

The shape formed by connecting the points where the ureters enter the bladder and the urethra begins is called __.

The trigon

In males, the urethra has three parts: __, __, and __.

Prostatic, membranous, and spongy

Sperm cells mature and learn how to swim in the __.

Epididymis

After the epididymis, sperm cells move into the __.

Vas deferens

The female sex organs are her __.

Ovaries

A mature egg released from the ovary travels into the __.

Fallopian tube

The male gonads are called __.

Testes

The female gonads are called __.

Ovaries

Sex cells are referred to as __.

Gametes

Non-sex cells in the body are referred to as __.

Somatic cells

Gametes use a form of cell division known as __.

Myosis

Somatic cells undergo a cell division known as __.

Mitosis

Collectively, the production of sperm cells and oocytes is called __.

Gametogenesis

The production of female sex cells is called __.

Oogenesis

In a female's reproductive cycle, the / will be considered her mid cycle, in the middle of her cycle.

Midpoint/day fourteen

When a female's body decides to say we're gonna go ahead and give up releasing an egg and release is each month is called __.

Menopause

Jd cells

Cells associated within the afferent arteriole

Glucose

About 99% can be reabsorbed in the PCT