PHYLOGENY

Dichotomous Key

Diagram which let you choose 2 choices to determine a species. A tool for identifying organisms by presenting a series of paired statement.

Phylogeny

The study of evolutionary history and relationships among species or groups of organism.

race

Phylogeny Greek word: phylon means?

origin

Phylogeny Greek word: geneia means?

Ernst Haeckel

Phylogeny is invented by a German biologist named?

Phylogenetic tree

A diagram that shows how species are related.

Node

Part of phylogenetic tree which pins common ancestor and point of divergence.

Roots

Part of phylogenetic tree which is the Starting point (common ancestor)

Branch

Part of phylogenetic tree which shows evolutionary paths, showing lineage and evolutionary change.

Clade

A group that includes an ancestor and all its descendants, often shown as a subtree. (Parts of phylogenetic tree)

Outgroup

A taxon that diverged earlier, used as a reference point to root the tree.

Tip

These are current species—the ones were observed and studied.

Rooted tree

TYPES of PHYLOGENETIC TREE where there's a starting point.

Uprooted tree

TYPES of PHYLOGENETIC TREE where no starting point and can't determine where the species come from but can see traits and characteristics.

Phylogram

Type of phylogenetic tree where branch length reflect the amount of evolutionary change or genetic difference between organisms.

tribe

Phylogram Greek word; phylo means?

written

Phylogram Greek word; gram means?

Cladogram

Branch length=no meaning

Chronogram

Branch length=time

Ingroup

Main group of Species being studied

Ancestral trait

Older traits shared by broader groups or traits inherited from distant ancestor.

Synapomorphy

Shared derived trait that evolved in most common ancestor and is shared by all descendants.

Cladistics

A method of classifying organisms based common ancestry and on shared derived traits to determine relationship.

Cladogram

A diagram that shows how Species are RELEATED through evolution based on cladistics.

branch

Cladogram Greek word clados means?

written

Cladogram Greek word grammar means?