Feline Vaccinations and parasite protocols

three types of vaccines

killed, modified live and live

killed vaccines

contains a protein or piece of intended pathogen that can stimulate an immune response but not a disease state (weak immune saturation)

- unable to replicate inside body

- usually the safest type

- dependent on additives present in vaccine to help stim the immune response

modified live vaccines

comprised of naturally occurring pathogen but modified in that it cannot cause disease but allows for immune stimulation

- can replicate in host

- more rapid onset of immunity

- can cause false positves

live vaccines

weakened form of the pathogen that can cause disease with the intention that the severity is limited

- very powerful and strong

Feline core vaccines

FRCCP (feline distemper)

Rabies

what does FRCCP contain

feline rhinotracheitis

feline calicivirus

chlamydia

feline panleukopenia virus

non-core feline vaccines

feline leukemia virus (FELV)

feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)

what type of vaccine is FRCCP vaccine

modified live

how often is FRCCP given

every 3-4 weeks from 6weeks to 16-20 weeks then 1 year booster after initial series

good for 3 years there after

what the the FRCCP vaccine give cross protection with

canine parvovirus

where is FRCCP given

Right front limb

what type of virus is Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis

herpesvirus

Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis transmission

direct (touch) and indirect (droplets and fomites)

- saliva and ocular discharge

will felines carry Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis for life

yes it is a latent carrier disease

clinical signs of Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis

major for upper respiratory signs

- sneezing and nasal discharge

#1 cause of conjunctivitis

- blepharospasm

- clear to purulent discharge

- keratitis

- corneal ulcers (coreal sequestrum)

Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis digonostics

PCR test

Feline Calicivirus is transmitted how

direct and indirect

oral, nasal, and ocular secretions

Feline Calicivirus clinical signs

sneezing

nasal discharge

conjuctivitis

**oral and lingual ulcers**

drooling

Feline Calicivirus diganositcs

PCR test

Feline Chlamydia transmission

direct contact and the bacteria does not survive well outside body

how is Feline Chlamydia shed

rectal and vaginally

Feline Chlamydia symptoms

conjunctivitis

nasal discharge

sneezing

possible pneumonia

Feline Calicivirus diganositics

PCR test

what type of disease is Feline Panleukopenia Virus

parvovirus

Feline Panleukopenia Virus transmission

direct and indirect via urine, fecal or nasal secretions

Feline Panleukopenia Virus vector

fleas

how long can Feline Panleukopenia Virus live outside body

up to one year

Feline Panleukopenia Virus symptoms

Diarrhea

panleukopenia -> low white blood cells

anemia -> low RBC

cerebellar hypoplasia in kittens b/c the cerebellum is effected

how often is Feline Rabies given

kittens at 12-16 weeks with a one year booster after the subsequent are good for 3 years

what kind of vaccine is Feline Rabies

Recombinant live with canarypox virus with Rabies DNA incorporated

where is rabies give

Right rear limb

Feline Leukemia Virus (FELV) is most common for what cats

outdoor cats

Feline Leukemia Virus vaccine type

recombinant live canarypox vaccine

is Feline Leukemia Virus for life

yes and can be given to other cats

what type of disease is feline leukemia virus

retrovirus

transmission of Feline Leukemia Virus

direct and indirect through nasal, saliva, urine, feces and milk

- allogrooming

Feline Leukemia Virus signs

- cancers

- immune deficiency

- blood disorders

- lymphadenopathy (swollen lymph nodes)

FIV vaccine issues

not commercially available and does not offer great immunity

can cause FISS (feline injection site sarcoma)

what type of disease is FIV

retrovirus

can FIV be given from mom to offspring

yes and kitten can survive it

FIV life expectancy

short lived

three phases of FIV

Acute, Asymptomatic, Progressive

what is Feline Injection Site Sarcoma (FISS)

aggressive and invasive mass that is from poor injection practice

ways to reduce FISS

give vaccines in distal limbs or ventral abdomen

purpose of feline fecal float

to diagnose certain intestinal parasites by identifying parasitic eggs via specific gravity

solutions used for fecal floats

zinc sulfate or sodium nirtate

goal specific gravity

1.2-1.3

why cant you say a fecal float is negative

certain eggs might have a lower specific gravity which would cause them to sink and not show up on the slide

what is Eimeria

a parasite in herbivores poop that can show that your dogs eats other animals crap

common feline parasites

Hookworm (zoonotic)

Roundworm (zoonotic)

Whipworm

Tapeworm (zoonotic)

vertical transmission

parent to offspring

paratenic host

optional intermediate host

roundworm pathogen name and life cycle

toxocara

Infected animal → sheds eggs → matures into L3 larval stage → picked up by host

roundworm transmission

vertical, fecal, oral, foodborne

hookworm tramsission

transdermal

hookworm pathogen name and life cycle

ancylostoma

Infected animal → sheds eggs → rhabditiform larvae → filiform larvae (L3) → transdermal infection of new host

whipworm tramsission

fecal oral

issue with whipworms

very resistant to everything

whipworm life cycle

infected animal → sheds eggs → egg maturation → consumed by new host

tapeworm tranmission

fleas

tapeworm treatment

praziquantel

tapeworm life cycle

Animal ingests infected flea → larval stage develops in GI tract → egg packets shed → flea picks up eggs → new host picks up the infected flea

tapeworm pathogen

Dipylidium caninum

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