Andrew Jackson

What was Jackson's approach to the social life of Washington?

Jackson came from modest roots and disdained typical Washington social life.

What system is most commonly associated with Jackson's cabinet appointments?

The Spoils System, where he appointed men he could trust to balance various regions.

What controversy surrounded the Peggy Eaton Affair?

Jackson defended Peggy Eaton, the wife of his Secretary of War, against gossip from other cabinet members' wives.

What was the Tariff of 'Abominations' and why was it controversial?

It favored New England and Westerners, raised prices on manufactured goods, and decreased southern cotton markets, leading to Southern discontent.

What was Calhoun's stance on Nullification?

Calhoun pushed for Nullification, arguing that states could reject any national law.

How did Jackson respond to the Nullification crisis?

Jackson passed the 'Force Bill,' allowing military action to enforce tariff collection.

What compromise did Henry Clay propose during the Nullification crisis?

The Compromise Tariff, which promised to gradually lower tariffs and led to South Carolina dropping its push for Nullification.

What was the most divisive issue in the Election of 1832?

The National Bank, which Jackson vetoed when it was brought up for recharter.

What were the options given to Native Americans during Jackson's presidency?

They could either give up their culture to become 'Good' American citizens or leave U.S. land.

What were the outcomes of the court cases Cherokee Nation v. Georgia and Worcester v. Georgia?

Both cases upheld Native American rights to their lands, but Jackson refused to enforce the rulings.

What was the Trail of Tears?

The forced removal of the Cherokee to Oklahoma, resulting in thousands of deaths.

What triggered the Panic of 1837?

A decline in cotton prices and a cash shortage in Britain, leading to widespread job losses in America.

What was the outcome of the Charles River Bridge case?

The court ruled that a state charter did not imply a monopoly, allowing for innovation.

Who were the candidates in the Election of 1840?

Whigs: William Henry Harrison and John Tyler; Democrats criticized Harrison as a poor choice.

What happened to William Henry Harrison after his inauguration?

He contracted pneumonia after giving a long inaugural speech in the cold and died one month into his presidency.

What was the political fate of John Tyler after Harrison's death?

Tyler was quickly excommunicated from the Whig party, and most of Harrison's cabinet resigned.