Post-Lab Quiz 5 - 231

Scapula - Spine

Scapula - Acromion process

Scapula - Coracoid process

Scapula - Glenoid fossa

Clavicle

Humerus - Head

Humerus - Deltoid tuberosity

Humerus - Olecranon fossa

Humerus - Trochlea

Humerus - Capitulum

Ulna

Ulna - Olecranon process

Ulna - Trochlear notch

Ulna - Radial notch

Ulna - Styloid process

U

Radius

Radius - Head

Radius - Styloid process

R

Carpals (8 bones)

Metacarpals (5 bones: numbered 1-5 from lateral to medial)

Phalanges (14 bones: proximal, intermediate (except on #1), and distal on each digit

Glenohumeral (GH) Joint

The ball-and-socket joint of the upper extremity, commonly referred to as the “shoulder” joint

• Includes the glenoid fossa of the scapula and the head of the humerus

Synovial Joint (structural classification)

Synovial joints = diarthroses

• Diarthroses is a functional classification for a joint that freely moves

• Synovial joints all have:

  • a fibrous joint capsule (connects the bones of the joint)

  • a synovial cavity, that is filled with a serous synovial fluid

  • joint surfaces are covered with articular cartilage

Glenoid fossa (cavity) of scapula and Synovial (glenoid) cavity

Head of humerus

Joint (articular) capsule

Synovial fluid

Inside synovial cavity

Glenohumeral ligaments

Glenoid labrum

Rotator cuff muscles

1. Supraspinatus

2. Infraspinatus

3. Teres minor

4. Subscapularis

Acts on Shoulder and Scapula: Pectoralis minor

• Stabilizes scapula - pulls scapula forward or down

Acts on Shoulder and Scapula: Serratus anterior

• Rotes scapula up

• Holds shoulder blade in place

Acts on Shoulder and Scapula: Trapezius

• pull shoulder blades together

• depresses scapula (pushing body up from chair)

Acts on Shoulder and Humerus: Pectoralis major

• adduction and flexion of humerus

Acts on Shoulder and Humerus: Latissimus dorsi

• adduction of humerus

• extension of arm (pulling backward)

Acts on Shoulder and Humerus: Deltoid

• lift humerus

Acts on Shoulder and Humerus: Coracobrachialis

• adduction of humerus

• bring arm up and forward

Acts on Shoulder and Humerus: Teres major

Acts on the Shoulder and stabilizes the Glenohumeral Joint: Supraspinatus

Acts on the Shoulder and stabilizes the Glenohumeral Joint: Infraspinatus

Acts on the Shoulder and stabilizes the Glenohumeral Joint: Teres minor

Acts on the Shoulder and stabilizes the Glenohumeral Joint: Subscapularis

Act on the Elbow: Biceps brachii

Act on the Elbow: Brachialis

Act on the Elbow: Brachioradialis

Act on the Elbow: Triceps brachii

Act on the Elbow: Anconeus

Act at the Forearm/Wrist/Fingers - Superficial - Anterior: Pronator teres

Act at the Forearm/Wrist/Fingers - Superficial - Anterior: Flexor carpi radialis

Act at the Forearm/Wrist/Fingers - Superficial - Anterior: Palmaris longus

Act at the Forearm/Wrist/Fingers - Superficial - Anterior: Flexor carpi ulnaris

Act at the Forearm/Wrist/Fingers - Superficial - Posterior: Extensor carpi ulnaris

Act at the Forearm/Wrist/Fingers - Superficial - Posterior: Extensor digitorum

Act at the Forearm/Wrist/Fingers - Superficial - Posterior: Extensor carpi radialis (longus and bravis)

Longus = top

Brevis = bottom

Act at the Forearm/Wrist/Fingers - Intermediate - Anterior: Flexor digitorum superficialis

Act at the Forearm/Wrist/Fingers - Deep - Anterior: Flexor digitorum profundus

Act at the Forearm/Wrist/Fingers - Deep - Anterior: Flexor pollicis longus

Actions: Flexes thumb

Act at the Forearm/Wrist/Fingers - Deep - Posterior: Supinator

Connective Tissue - Osteocytes

Connective tissue - Chondrocytes

C

Connective tissue - Supporting CT - Cartilage: Hyaline

• 2 Functions: Supports and reinforces

• 2 Locations: Nose and trachea

Connective tissue - Supporting CT - Cartilage: Fibrocartilage

• 2 Functions: absorb shock

• 2 Locations: Intervertebral discs and knee joint

Connective tissue - Supporting CT - Cartilage: Elastic

• 2 Functions: Maintains shape and allows flexibility

• 2 Locations: Auricle and epiglottis

Skeletal Muscle

• 2 Functions: volunatary movement and voluntary control

• 2 Locations: skeletal muscles attached to bones or skin

Cardiac Muscle

• 2 Functions: contracts to propel blood and involuntary control

• 2 Locations: walls of heart

Smooth Muscle

• 2 Functions: probels internal substances and involuntary control

• 2 Locations: walls of hollow organs