Geology 1121 Ch 9 Quiz

What are the 3 types of stresses?

compressional, tensional, shearing

What are the 2 way rocks deform?

faulting, folding

What is the definition of deformation?

process that bends, breaks, or causes rocks to flow in response to stress

What are strike and dip symbols/What do they indicate?

strike is always 90 degrees from dip; dip shows the angle that the rocks slope

How does a brittle rock deform?

faulting

How does a ductile rock deform?

folding

What are the 4 factors that influence how a material will behave under stress?

temperature, time span, pressure, rock type

A material will be _____ under low temp, and ______ under high temp.

brittle, ductile

A material will be _____ if quick (time), and ______ if slow.

brittle, ductile

A material will be _____ in low pressures, and ______ in high pressures.

brittle, ductile

Igneous and metamorphic rocks are often ______ while sedimentary are often ______

brittle, ductile

What happens during plate tension?

pulls rocks apart, divergent

What happens during plate compression?

squeezes rocks together, convergent

What happens during plate shearing?

slide or push rocks past eachother, transform

What is a dip slip fault?

fault blocks move up or down parallel to the dip of the fault plane

What is a normal dip slip fault?

hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall

What type of stress is a normal dip slip fault?

tension

What is a reverse dip slip fault?

hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall

What type of stress is a reverse dip slip fault?

compressional

What is a thrust fault?

shallow dipping, reverse fault

What type of stress is a thrust fault?

compressional

What is a strike slip fault?

fault blocks move horizontally past eachother along the strike of the fault plane (no up/down motion, caused by shearing)

What is a right lateral strike slip fault?

opposite fault block moves right

What is a left lateral strike slip fault?

opposite fault block moves left

What is an oblique slip fault?

block simultaneously moves both vertically and horizontally along the fault plane

What type of stress is an oblique slip fault?

shearing, tension, compression

What is a limb?

the side of each fold

What is a fold axis?

the line formed by intersection of axial plane

What is a dome structure?

anticline structure with strata dipping radially away from the center

Where are the youngest rocks in a dome structure?

the edges

What is a basin structure?

syncline structure with strata dipping radially toward the center

Where are the youngest rocks in a basin structure?

in the center