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5 Terms
1
RNA (ribonucleic acid)
a chain of nucleotides where each nucleotide is one of four bases, adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil, and a ribose sugar and a single phosphate within each nucleotide.
transcribed from DNA
performs many functions including the coding of proteins.
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2
central dogma
A term, explains the relationship between DNA, RNA, and proteins.
DNA replicates and serves as the template for its transcription into RNA.
RNA serves as the template for its translation into protein.
RNA can also be reverse transcribed into DNA.
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3
transcription
The process of polymerizing nucleotides to produce RNA from DNA.
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4
translation
The process of polymerizing amino acids in an order dictated by messenger RNA.
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5
amino acid
a molecule composed of an alpha carbon, a carboxyl group, an amino group, and a side chain.
can be polymerized to form proteins with distinct molecular functions.
each side chain gives a unique chemical property to its amino acid.
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