Animal Physiology

Homeostasis

maintaining relatively constant chemical and physical conditions in animal body

Osmosis

the net movement of a solvent, typically water, across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher solvent concentration to an area of lower solvent concentration, equalizing the concentrations on both sides

Selectivly permeable

a property of a membrane that allows some molecules or ions to pass through while blocking others

Aquaporin

proteins that function as water channels, facilitating the passive transport of water across cell membranes

Osmoregulation

the process of maintaining the balance of water and solutes (like salts) in an organism's body fluids to keep them from becoming too diluted or concentrated

Osmoconformer

an organism that allows its internal body fluid concentration to match that of its surrounding environment, rather than actively regulating it

Anatomy

The study of the structure of living organism

Physiology

Study of the normal functions of living organsims and their parts

Structural hierarchy in animals

cells → tissues → organs → organ systems →

4 major tissues 

epithelial, connective tissues, nervous tissue, muscle tissues

Epithelial tissue

Covers outside of body, lines surfaces of organs 

Connective tissues

Structural support

Nervous tissue

Integrates functioning of organs in the body, processes sensory input 

Muscle tissues 

movement

Basolateral surface vs Apical surface

The apical side of an epithelial cell faces the outside environment or lumen, while the basolateral side faces inward, contacting neighboring cells and the underlying basement membrane

Conformation or Regulation in Homeostasis

Conformation: internal state macthes external

Regulation: physiological mechanisms that adjust to internal state(regulated by negative feedback

-survive in more diverse environment