Pharmacology Midterm Study Guide Drugs

Biologicals

Cyclosporine (Neoral)

Calcineurin inhibitor

Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)

↓ IL & TNF - alpha

Methotrexate (Rheumatrex, Trexall) 

Purine metabolism inh.

Inhibits DHFR - reduces synthesis of DNA, RNA & protein(s).

Azathioprine (Imuran)

Purine synth inhibitor 

Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)

immunosuppressant

Hydroxychloroquine

↓ Il & TNF - alpha; apoptosis, ↓ chemotaxis

Cimzia (certolizumab)

PEGylated Fab - TNF - alpha

Enbrel (etanercept) 

anti TNF - alpha mab 

Humira (adalimumab)

anti TNF - alpha mab

Kineret (anakinra)

IL1Ra antagonist

Remicade (infliximab)

anti TNF - alpha mab (human/urine)

Simponi (golimumab) 

anti TNF - alpha mab

Orencia (abatacept)

Binds to B7 protein on antigen presenting cell, prevents release of co-stimulatory mediators which would activate T-cells

Rituxan (riruximab)

anti CD20 on B-cells; downregulates B-cell rcpt & causes apoptosis.

Arava (leflunomide)

inhibits T-cell pyrimidine biosynthesis

Xeljanz/Jakvinus (tofacitinib)

inhibits JAK1, JAK2 & JAK3 kinase pathways.  Reduces T- and B-cells

Oluminant (baricitinib), Rincvq (upadacitinib

inhibits JAK1, JAK 2

Actemra (trocilizumab)

IL-6 receptor antagonist

Kineret (anakinra)

IL-1 receptor antagonist

Ilaris (canakinumab)

IL1b antagonist.  TX: JA >2years old