AP US History- Chapter 3, The Role of Women and Slavery in the New World

John Hughson

Conspiracy of 1741- a plot supposedly led by ________ (stolen goods trafficker), his wife, enslaved black people, and poor white people were going to burn down the town- ended with many executed or deported to Caribbean colonies.

Prostitution

________ was one of the most lucrative trades among colonial women who could not find other work (many servants resorted after indenture was fulfilled)

Port cities

________ had brothels, aimed at sailors or soldiers.

Puritans

________ cited biblical passages claiming that God wanted women to submit and stay silent- not meddle and stay within the confines of gender roles.

DIvorce

________ is rarely allowed (unless under extreme cases like desertion of the husband)

colonial era

In the ________, no religious denomination allowed women to be ordained as ministers (only Quakers allowed women to hold church offices and preach in public)

rapid pop

Social and economic forces- ________ growth, increased commercial agriculture= enclosure, farmers pushed into cities, desperately poor, willing to risk the journey to colonies.

British West Indies

17th and 18th centuries- sugar- based economies of French and ________ and Portuguese Brazil= demand of enslaved Africans increase, most enslaved in Caribbean island colonies 1675.

lawsuits

Women had few rights- for most, could not vote, own property, hold office, attend schools, bring ________, or sign contracts.

18th century

________- women's work typically involved activities in the house, garden, and fields.

Freedom Seekers

________- enslaved people who ran away.

Eliza Lucas Pinckney

________- 18th century, Moved to Charleston, South Carolina (from England, born in West Indies)

Nativism

________- bitter prejudice against particular groups of immigrants.

Benjamin Franklin

________- observer of life in British America.

NYC

________ had more enslaved people than any other American city, 2nd to only Charlestown in enslaved population.

Slavery system

________ in which the powerless are brutalized by the powerful.

Slavery

________ was rooted in ancient Mediterranean societies, like Muslims (imprisoned Christian and Africans) Christian (imprisoned Muslims), and Africans (rulers, Europeans had a slave trade network, provided enslaved people who had been captured by war or kidnapped in exchange for cloth, rum, metal objects, muskets (most young, taken to Brazil or NA)

New Civilization

________ in the New World involved violent encounters with European, African, and Indian cultures.

High infant mortality rate

________- childbirth was dangerous, unsanitary conditions, miscarriage.

Seminole Indians

Creek and ________ in Florida provided refuge for enslaved ppl who escaped from British colonies (British officials reported that it was difficult to get back freedom seekers from Georgia and who made their way to an Indian town.

Slave codes

________ allowed owners to punish enslaved people by physically harming them, 1669 VA law stated that accidental murder of an enslaved through physical punishment was not a serious crime.

N gro

________ Act of 1740- more oversight of enslaved peoples activities and harsher punishments for rebellious behaviors, enslaved people could no longer grow their food, gather in groups, learn to read /write, or earn money on the side (leaving owners supervision required to have a pass documenting their whereabouts; reduced white penalty for killing enslaved on a minor offense, banned enslaved from testifying in court.

Slavery

________ in WH rapidly grew by the time of the American Revolution- driven by high profits and justified by pervasive racism (perceived superiority over other cultures and skin colors, with wouldnt even change with the American Revolutions ideas of freedom and equality (for White)

Chapter Three

Colonial Ways of Life

Social and economic forces

rapid pop growth, increased commercial agriculture = enclosure, farmers pushed into cities, desperately poor, willing to risk the journey to colonies

Initial

young (half under 25), male, poor, half were indentured servants or enslaved people

British America

first colonists dead of disease/starvation/killed by NA

Huge increase in population

How was Birtian going to rule them

Benjamin Franklin

observer of life in British America

High infant mortality rate

childbirth was dangerous, unsanitary conditions, miscarriage

Nativism

bitter prejudice against particular groups of immigrants

Èx

PA started as a haven for all, mid-17th, concerns abt German influx (Franklin thought the German inferior and was a source constant tension, due to Germans that might outnumber them soon, that they might become a majority in any area, wished for them to be scattered around the colony)

Ex

Increase of poor Irish immigrants = increase prejudice against them, increase of Irish and Scots-Irish (aka Scotch-Irish), the mostly Presbyterian population that British government transplanted from Scotland to Northern Ireland to protestantize Catholic Ireland

Women had few rights

for most, could not vote, own property, hold office, attend schools, bring lawsuits, or sign contracts

18th century

women's work typically involved activities in the house, garden, and fields

Men from all walks of life walked into "bawdy houses" (disorderly houses)-

prostitution was generally frowned upon by local authorities, looked down on, and punished severely (if convicted)

Eliza Lucas Pinckney

18th century, Moved to Charleston, South Carolina (from England, born in West Indies)

Loved the "vegetable world"

focus on growing indigo, a weed that produced blue dye for fabric (like coloring military uniforms, made fortune, like many who sold indigo)

Puritans cited biblical passages claiming that God wanted women to submit and stay silent

not meddle and stay within the confines of gender roles

17th century, all colonies used slavery; 18th-century colonists reliant on slaver

race-based slavery was considered normal, as a "God determined station in life", normalized, a personal misfortune rather than a social evil

First Africans in NA was to New Spain 16th century (before the British arrived in VA)

1539, Hernando de Soto bought 50 enslaved for settlement in Florida -> hudreds more enslaved Africans to Florida

Chesapeake colonies (VA and MD)

originally were treated like indentured servants (service for a limited term, afterward received freedom but not equality)

afterward, lifelong slavery for Black people became custom and law

In 1660 colonial legislatures formalized the institution of race-based slavery with detailed slave codes regulating most aspects of enslaved peoples lives

SC code

all "N*groes, Mulattoes, and Indians sold into bondage were enslaved for life, and their children"

17th and 18th centuries

sugar-based economies of French and British West Indies and Portuguese Brazil = demand of enslaved Africans increase, most enslaved in Caribbean island colonies 1675

Late-17th century

profitability of African slavery -> more slave-trading companies (in Europe and America) = increased availability of enslaved, lowering the price (bought at auction highest bidder)

Conspiracy of 1741- a plot supposedly led by John Hughson (stolen goods trafficker), his wife, enslaved black people, and poor white people were going to burn down the town

ended with many executed or deported to Caribbean colonies

Freedom Seekers

enslaved people who ran away

Antonio (slave) was tortured & killed by his owner after attempting to escape several times, all-white jury acquits Syman Overzee (planter

charged with murder by authorities)

N*gro Act of 1740

more oversight of enslaved peoples activities and harsher punishments for rebellious behaviors, enslaved people could no longer grow their food, gather in groups, learn to read/write, or earn money on the side (leaving owners supervision required to have a pass documenting their whereabouts; reduced white penalty for killing enslaved on a minor offense, banned enslaved from testifying in court

Slavery in WH rapidly grew by the time of the American Revolution

driven by high profits and justified by pervasive racism (perceived superiority over other cultures and skin colors, with wouldnt even change with the American Revolutions ideas of freedom and equality (for White)