ARTA (PRELIM REVIEWER)

personal

social

physical

3 basic functions of art

personal

expression of oneself

social

- used for public display and celebration

- used to affect the collective behavior

physical

- utilitarian

- “mens sana in corpore sano” a healthy mind in a healthy body

subject

refers to the visual focus or the image that may be extracted from examining the artwork

content

is the meaning that is communicated by the artist or the artwork

form composition

the overall organization of artwork. it is an outcome of the artists’ effort to use elements of art and arrange tem to aesthetic principles.

• nature

• people and events

• myths and legends

• spiritual and religious beliefs

subject of arts

representational art and non-representational art

types of subject

representational art

these types of art have subjects that refer to object or events occurring in the real world often, it is also termed figurative art, because as the name suggest, the figures depicted are easy to makes out and decipher

non-representational art

this art does not make a reference to the real world, whether it is a person, place, thing, or even a particular event. it is stripped down to visual elements

factual

pertains to the most rudimentary level of meaning for it may be extracted from the identifiable or recognizable forms in the artwork

conventional

_______ meaning, on the other hand, pertains to the acknowledged interpretation of the artwork using motifs, signs, symbols and other cyphers as bases of its meaning.

subjective

a variety of meaning may arise when a particular work of art is read. these meanings stem from the viewer’s or audience’s circumstances that come into play when engaging with art

• two-dimensional art

• three-dimensional art

expressions

two-dimensional

• it has width and height

• has plane/picture frame

• ex. drawings and paintings

three-dimensional media

• sculpture, assembling, modeling, carving, casting, crafts, acrhitecture

technological media

• photography, film and videos, computer arts

elements of art

The _______ are the visual components of which are required to create a work of art.

Line

Color

Texture

Perspective

Space

Shape/Form/Volume

Value

element of art

line

is a mark on a surface that describes a shape or outline. It can create texture and can be thick and thin. Types of ______ can include actual, implied, vertical, horizontal, diagonal and contour line.

lines

• are essential elements of art as it provide the impression of path and movement along space.

• _____ speak a language that artists can comprehend.

line

serves as an essential building block of art, but it can also serve as the content itself of a work of art, or be manipulated to evoke an emotional or intellectual response from a viewer

VERTICAL LINES

HORIZONTAL LINES

DIAGONAL LINES

CURVED LINES

types of lines

vertical lines

Only _______ can be used to express an orderly feeling.

vertical lines

are poised for action. They are poised, balanced, forceful, and dynamic. They express an impression of dignity.

horizontal lines

are lines of repose and serenity. They express ideas of calmness and quiescence.

horizontal

Only lines can give a feeling of peacefulness and stillness.

diagonal lines

are slanted lines used to create feelings of movement or action.

They create an impression of rising or falling.

curved lines, S-Curves

• sometimes referred as ______, suggest gracefulness or sexiness.

• These are lines that do not appear linear; hence, directions are not clearly established.

Repetition

_______ occurs when two or more lines are drawn within a corner following the lines of the corner.

contrasting line

Lines that are in opposition to each other form a _________.

transition line

A ________ is a line that connects two workflow elements. Transition lines allow you to define what the next step in a workflow will be.

color

refers to the visual perception of light being reflected from a surface of an artwork.

color wheel

is an abstract illustrative organization of color hues around a circle, that shows relationships between primary, secondary, tertiary colors, and etc.

hue, primaries

is the term for the pure spectrum colors commonly referred to by the "color names" – red, blue, and yellow - which appear in the hue circle or rainbow. Theoretically, all hues can be mixed from three basic hues, known as ________.

value

• refers to the lightness or darkness of a color. It is the quality which depends on the amount of light and dark in color.

• Black, White, and Gray are neutral colors.

tints

are values above the normal.

shades

are values below the normal

intensity

refers to the brightness or dullness of color. It gives color strength. When a hue is vivid form, it is said to be in full ______. When it is dulled, it is said to be partly neutralized.

monochromatic

This technique where only one color is used. With a limited option for colors, this provides a strong and unifying expression to the art.

analogous

The hues that are usually those that are side by side in the color wheel and operate in a common hue.

Complementary colors

are used when the theme of art is intended to create strong expression of contrast.

color triads

From the name itself, art must be focused on three general colors spaced on equal intervals of the color wheel.

split complements

This is used to combine a hue with each side of its exact complement. Used to create perfect nature art piece.

warm

group contains the hues of red, orange, and yellow.

cool

_____ colors are blue, green, violet.

black

is associated with death and gloom

red

is associated with blood, anger, and fear.

green

implies happiness and abundance.

texture

• is the element that deals more directly with the sense of touch.

• It has to do with the characteristics of surfaces which can be rough or smooth, fine or coarse, shiny or dull, plain or irregular.

implied texture

expresses the idea of how a surface might feel. For example, a painting of a blanket might convey the idea that the blanket is soft.

actual texture

on the other hand, is texture that can actually be felt. For example, a ceramic bowl might feature a carved texture that could be felt when holding that bowl.

perspective

deals with the effect of distance upon the appearance of objects, by means of which the eye judges spatial relationships.

linear perspective

• is the representation of an appearance of distance by means of converging lines.

• It has to do with the direction of lines and with the size of objects

converging lines and diminishing size

Painters usually show the effect of space and distance by using ______ and ______.

aerial perspective

• is the representation of relative distances of objects by gradations of tone or color.

• Objects become fainter in the distance due to the effect of the atmosphere. Objects appear to be lighter in color as they recede into the distance or atmosphere.

space

refers to how the artist fills the surface on which a work of art is created. It can also refer to the expression of depth within a work of art.

space

When talking about a three-dimensional object, ______ is the actual volume that is taken up by the artwork.

space

as an element of art, refers to distances or areas around, between or within components of a piece.

positive or negative

Space can be ______ (white or light) or ______ (black or dark), open or closed, shallow or deep and two-dimensional or three-dimensional.

positive space

the areas in a work of art that are the subjects, or areas of interest.

negative space

areas around the subjects, or areas of interest.

shape, form, and volume

are words that are used to describe distinct areas or parts of works of art or architecture.

shape

conveys a defined two-dimensional area. It has an outline around and it is recognizable through its form. In a sense, by adjusting an outline, shapes can be formed.

forms

refers to a three-dimensional object. As such, form is an art term that is only applied to those artworks that are three-dimensional, such as sculpture and pottery

Geometric forms

_____ have hard lines and edges.

• are those which correspond to named regular shapes, such as squares, rectangles, circles, cubes, spheres, cones, and other regular forms.

Organic forms

are curvy and more free-form.

• typically are irregular in outline, and often asymmetrical. _______ are most often thought of as naturally occurring.

geometric shape

are accurately measured shapes, hence, having mathematical bases. Such as; square, rectangle, triangle, trapezoid, oval, hexagon, etc.

free-form shapes

has irregular structure. They may be characterized by some combinations of curves and angles.

volume

refers to the amount of space occupied in three dimensions.

It refers to solidity or thickness.

artist

is a person who performs any of the creative arts. he is able to create art for the sake of art itself without needing any ulterior motives

artisan

a skilled worker who make things by hand. this includes various objects ranging from jewelry to furniture

• is able to produce something that has a functional value.