Ch. 10: RUSSIA

Admiral Kuznetsov Class Aircraft Carrier

Admiral Kuznetsov Class Aircraft Carrier

• ski-jump catapult

• 1,001 ft.

• “The carrier is intended to support and defend strategic missile-carrying submarines, surface ships, and naval missile-carrying aircraft of the Russian Navy” (different mission from US Navy carriers; not forward-deployed)

Sovremenny Class Destroyer

“modern,” Project 956

• two four-cell anti-ship missile launchers installed on port and starboard side (15° angle)

• guided missile destroyer of the Russian Navy

• primarily tasked with anti-ship warfare

• also providing sea and air defense for warships and transports under escort.

Admiral Grigorovich Class Frigate

• black search radar behind main superstructure

• 409 ft.

• air defense, escorting of other warships, anti-submarine warfare

65

Russia currently has __ submarines.

75, 20

Historically the backbone of the Russian Navy, __% of the 65 operational submarines are over __ years old and are slowly being replaced with highly capable platforms.

2031, 2050

Russia is planning to construct a fifth-generation strategic missile SSBN between ____ and ____.

Borei Class Strategic Missile Submarine

• Project 955

• intended to replace Soviet-era Delta III, Delta IV and Typhoon classes

• “beautiful sky”

• “ballistic”

• Crew: 107

• Propulsion: Nuclear

Yasen Class Attack Submarine

• Project 885

• projected to replace Russia's

  Soviet-era nuclear attack submarines

• Crew: 64

• Propulsion: Nuclear

Akula Class Attack Submarine

“shark”

• Project 971

• SSN

• distinctive “bulb” or “can” on top of rudder houses towed sonar array

• double-hull system

• inner pressure hull & outer “light” hull

• more reserve buoyancy than western analogs

• Crew: 73

• Propulsion: Nuclear

Varshavyanka Class Patrol Submarine

• Project 636

• anti-shipping, anti-submarine operations

• shallow waters

• advanced stealth technology, extended combat range

• ability to strike land, surface, and underwater targets

• displace 3,100 tons, can reach speeds of 20 knots, and can dive to 300m

• improved version of Kilo class

• Crew: 52

• Propulsion: Diesel-electric (only one)

Su-35 Flanker-E

single-seat, twin-engine, and supermaneuverable aircraft

• pinnacle of fourth-generation fighter design

• electronics and weapons capabilities have caught up with those of Western equivalents (like F-15 Eagle)

• intercepts US military reconnaissance aircraft

BRICS

• Brazil

• Russia

• India

• China

• South Africa

oil, gas

Russia is a leading ___ and ___ exporter.

major weapons exporter

Russia is the second largest _____ _____ _____ in the world (top clients: India, China, Vietnam)

April 2016

pair of Russian Su-24 fighter jets performed several low-altitude passes on the USS DONALD COOK Arleigh Burke class guided missile destroyer while it was conducting exercises with a Polish helicopter in international waters (Baltic Sea)

February 2017

multiple Russian aircraft buzzed U.S. Navy destroyer USS PORTER (DDG 78) in the Black Sea

January 2018

Russian Sukhoi SU-27 “Flanker” fighter jet came within five feet of an EP-3 Aries before crossing through the U.S. aircraft’s flight path, forcing the EP-3 to fly through the SU-27’s flight wash

November 2018

Russian fighter jet flew dangerously close to U.S. Navy reconnaissance plane over Black Sea; interaction lasted about 25 mins.

June 2019

Russian Sukhoi SU-35 fighter jet harassed a U.S. Navy P-8A Poseidon patrol plane over the Mediterranean

June 2019

USS CHANCELLORSVILLE (CG 62) came close to a collision with Russian destroyer Admiral Vinogradov; Russian destroyer came within 50 to 100 feet and did not adhere to proper “rules of the road”

Delta III, Delta IV, Typhoon

Which Soviet-era classes does the Borei (strategic missile submarine) intend to replace?

UN Security Council

Russia is one of five permanent members of the _______.

• United States

• Russia

• China

• France

• Britain

2014

Russia was a member of the Group of Eight (G8) along with the West’s 7 leading economies (+Japan) until ____.

Europe, Iran, India, China

Russia has constructed nuclear power plants in _______, _______, _______, and _______.

China

In Asia, Russia’s main partner is _______.

good relations

Japan, India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Vietnam, across Southeast Asia

Cuba, Nicaragua, Venezuela, Brazil

Soviet-era partners in Latin America (4)

geopolitical, economic

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 raises complex _______ and _______ issues.

US, European

Russia surprised ____ and ____ observers with actions in Ukraine and Syria.

Borei

Project 955

Yasen

Project 885

Akula

Project 971

Varshavyanka

Project 636

Sovremenny

Project 956

SS-N-26 Strobile

• supersonic anti-ship cruise missile

Advantages:

• over-the-horizon (OTH) firing range

• “fire and forget”

• flexible trajectories (sea-skimming & high)

• high supersonic speed

• full harmonization

• electronic countermeasures; under enemy fire

SS-N-27 Sizzler

• can be launched from surface ship using VLS

• AShM

• land attack cruise missile (LACM)

• booster with thrust vectoring capability

1968, 1972

____: proposed talks on preventing incidents

____: signed “Agreement on the Prevention of Incidents on and Over the High Seas” in Moscow

Kilo

Varshavyanka (patrol) is improved version of ____.

September 2015

December 2017

_______ : military intervention in Syrian Civil War began

end of ________: Russian govt. said troops would be permanently based in Syria

global scale

Russia (like the Soviet Union before it) actively pursues foreign relations on a _____ _____.

Sovremenny missions

anti-ship warfare, while also providing sea and air defense for warships and transports under escort

Grigorovich

air defense, escorting of other warships and anti-submarine warfare

2012

Putin returned to power in ____.

Bill Clinton, Boris Yeltsin

spirit of U.S.-Russian “strategic partnership” was forged by Presidents ____ ____ and in the early 1990s

520

Since 2014, the United States has imposed sanctions on more than ___ individuals and entities in response to Russia’s aggressive actions in and toward Ukraine.

Russian military improvements

• special forces

• elite airborne troops

• naval infantry

• “hybrid warfare”

• long-range cruise missiles

• aerial denial

• Arctic warfare

Obama

“RESET;” Dmitry Medvedev, “liberal,” U.S.-Russia Bilateral Presidential Commission 2009 (21 working groups) →

Vladimir Putin

“RESTORE;” George W. Bush, aftermath of 9/11 →

75 billion

US committed over $__ _______ in aid to Ukraine as of May 2023.

Finland approved

hybrid warfare

using separatist forces to create misdirection

bubble

aerial denial with air defense “_______”

2014

launched Arctic Joint Strategic Command

2010

10-year State Armaments Program (SAP)

• 20 trillion rubles

State Armament’s Program

SAP

20 trillion ruples;

328 billion

• land and sea-based ICBMs= 400

• 8 SSBNs, 20 multi-purpose submarines

• 100 military spacecraft

• 50 surface warships

• 600 modern aircraft (includes 5th-gen fighter jets)

• 1,000 helicopters

• 17,000 military vehicles

• 2,300 modern tanks

• 2,000 self-propelled artillery systems and vehicles

(8 or base 10)

Northern Fleet

Northern Fleet Joint Strategic Command

Pacific Fleet

Eastern Military District

Baltic Fleet

Western Military District

Black Sea Fleet, Caspian Sea flotilla

Southern Military District