Untitled Flashcards Set

Psychological disorder

Enduring, inflexible pattern of inner experience/
behavior different from cultural expectations

Etiology

causes of a psychological disorder.

Comorbidity

The presence of two or more disorders occurring in the same individual. Co-occuracne

Diathesis-stress model

Integrated biological and psychosocial factors to predict likelihood of disorder, those with underlying predisposition (diathesis have a greater likelihood or developing disorder. Diathesis + stress= development disorder

Addiction

A chronic disease characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use despite harmful consequences.

Amygdala

A brain structure involved in emotion regulation and responses, particularly fear and pleasure.

Cultural competence

The ability to understand, communicate with, and effectively interact with people across cultures.

Psychodynamic therapy

introduced by freud in the early 20th century, aimed to uncover repressed feelings and trauma experience in childhood, unconscious manifest current behavior, patients talk about their past

Supernatural perspective of psychological disorders

Attributed causes of disorders to supernatural
factors: Possession, Practicing dark magic, Having sex with the devil

Biological perspective of psychological disorders

The view that emphasizes the role of biological factors, such as genetics and neurochemistry, in the development of disorders.

Compulsion

An excessive, repetitive behavior performed in response to an obsession.

Obsession

Persistent, intrusive thoughts that cause anxiety or distress.

Anxiety disorders

A group of mental illnesses characterized by excessive fear or worry.

Manic episode

Period of abnormally/persistently elevated, expansive or irritated mood and abnormally/persistently increased goal directed activity

Fight-or-flight response

A physiological reaction to perceived threat or danger, preparing the body to either confront or escape.

Risk factor for suicide

Diagnosed mental disorder, Males 4 times more likely, Prior attempts, Substance use, Exposure to family violence, Gun in home, Exposure to other’s suicidal
behavior

Bipolar I

At least one manic episode, Mood disturbance causes significant impairment or
hospitalization, Symptoms last for 1+ week

Bipolar II

At least 1 depressive episode, 1 hypomanic episode, Mood disturbance does not
cause significant impairment, Symptoms last for 4+ days

OCD

Involves thoughts & urges that are intrusive & unwanted, &/or need to engage in
repetitive behaviors/mental acts

Negative symptoms of Schizophrenia

Decreases & absences in certain
behaviors/emotions/drives
 Avolition: Lack of motivation to engage in self-initiated & meaningful activity
 Alogia: Reduced speech output
 Asociality: Social withdrawal
 Anhedonia: Inability to experience pleasure

ADHD

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.

Narcissistic personality disorder

A personality disorder marked by a long-standing pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy.

Psychotropic medications

Medications used to treat symptoms of psychological disorders, do not cure the disorder

Main concepts of ACT

helps individuals develop psychological flexibility and accepting thoughts and feelings while committing to actions

Criteria for specific phobia

Phobic object almost always provokes immediate anxiety & is actively avoided or endured with intense fear, Fear/anxiety/avoidance out of proportion with actual danger, Lasts 6+ months, Causes significant distress/impairment

DSM

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, a classification system for mental health disorders.

Principle of CBT

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is based on the principle that thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are interconnected.

DBT

helps develop skills to manage emotions, improve relationships and reduce self- destructive behavior