HISTORY STUDY GUIDE 4, 5/6, 7

Declaration of Independence

Signed in 1776 by US revolutionaries; it declared the United States as a free state.
martial law

Declaration of Independence

Signed in 1776 by US revolutionaries; it declared the United States as a free state.

martial law

rule by the army instead of the elected government

Loyalist vs. Patriots

Loyalists were colonists who are against becoming an independent country. Patriots were the ones that wanted to be independent from Great Britain

Lexington and Concord

April 8, 1775: Gage leads 700 soldiers to confiscate colonial weapons and arrest Adam, and Hancock; April 19, 1775: 70 armed militia face British at Lexington (shot heard around the world); British retreat to Boston, suffer nearly 300 casualties along the way (concord)

American allies during the Revolutionary War

Spain and France agree to help after the Battle of Saratoga

Sons of Liberty

A group of colonists who formed a secret society to oppose British policies at the time of the American Revolution

Boston Tea Party

A 1773 protest against British taxes in which Boston colonists disguised as Mohawks dumped valuable tea into Boston Harbor.

capitals of U.S during revolutionary war

Philadelphia, then Washington

american leaders vs british leaders

federalists vs anti-federalists

The Federalists were pro-constitution while the Anti-Federalists were against the constitution.

Branches of Government

Legislative\= makes the law, Executive\= enforces the law, Judicial\= interprets the law.

Shay's Rebellion

A series of attacks on courthouses by a small band of farmers led by Revolutionary War Captain Daniel Shays to block foreclosure proceedings.

Great Compromise

Compromise made by Constitutional Convention in which states would have equal representation in one house of the legislature and representation based on population in the other house

3/5ths Compromise

allowed slaves to be counted as 3/5ths of a person towards representation and taxation

Federalism

A system in which power is divided between the national and state governments

Ratification

Formal approval

Checks and Balances

used to keep the government from getting too powerful in one branch

Electoral College

A group of people named by each state legislature to select the president and vice president

Articles of Confederation weaknesses

Lacked Executive and Judicial branches, lacked power to tax and regulate trade

Bill of Rights

First ten amendments to the Constitution, we want them because it protects our freedom of speech, religion, assembly, and due process of law.

Cabinet

A group of advisers to the president.

Louisiana Purchase

territory in western United States purchased from France in 1803 for $15 million

Lewis and Clark

Two explorers sent by the president to explore the Louisiana Purchase

Alien and Sedition Acts

acts passed by federalists giving the government power to imprison or deport foreign citizens and prosecute critics of the government

War of 1812 causes

causes: -pre existing past revolution, British influence on Native Americans, violation of trading rights, British impressment, and U.S desired Canada.

Nationalism

pride in one's country

Missouri Compromise

an agreement in 1820 between pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in the United States concerning the extension of slavery into new territories

Erie Canal

an artificial waterway connecting the Hudson river at Albany with Lake Erie at Buffalo