Nervous System

What is the function of the nervous system?

Transmits nerve impulses between different parts of the body

What are the main components of the nervous system?

Nerves, brain, spinal cord and sensory organs

Which components are part of the central nervous system?

The nerves and the brain

Which components are part of the peripheral nervous system?

The spinal cord and the sensory organs

What does peripheral mean?

outside

Where is the peripheral system located?

It is outside of the central nervous system

What does the peripheral system do?

It connects the central nervous system to the muscles and organs

What is the brain protected by?

The skull

What is the function of the brain?

It sends messages to the rest of the body and there are different areas with different functions

Where is the spinal cord located?

Inside the vertebral column

What does the spinal cord protect?

The bundle of nervous tissues and supports the cells

What is the fuction of the nerves?

Transmites messages from the brain and the spinal cord to the rest of the body and back

What are nerves?

An enclosed bundle of nerve cells called neurons

What does the nerves make up in the nervous system?

The nerve tissues

What is the stimuli?

It helps to detect dangers from our enviroment

Where does the stimuli form?

From outside the body

What is the enviroment detected by?

The sensory organs

What is the function of the sensory organs?

Detects dangers from our enviroment (stimuli)

What are the sensory organs of the body?

The ears, nose, eyes, skin and tongue

What are the main processes of the nervous system?

The body collects, sends and receives multiple messages from sources in the body

How is the nervous system transmitted?

As electrical signals along nerve cells (impulses)

How are impulses sent to your brain?

By nerve cells for interpretation

What are our senses?

Sight, touch, smell, hearing and taste

How are we able to hear sound?

Impulses travel along the auditory nerve to the brain. The brain then interpretes these impulses so that were are able to understand what we are hearing.

How are we able to see?

Light that is in our eyes are transmitted into impulses

Where do the impulses travel to?

The impulses travel along the optic nerve to the brain. The brain then interpretes these impulses so that we are able to see

What are receptors?

Nerve ending that cover the skin, muscles, bones, joints, internal organs and circulatory systems

How are we able to touch?

By receptors

What does touching respond to?

To pressure, pain, temperature and movement

What are we able to taste?

Sweet, sour, bitter, salty and umami

How are we able to taste?

By the taste buds on our tongues and parts of our mouth

Which sensory organs receptor’s work closely together?

The mouth and the nose?

Why do the receptor’s in our mouths and noses work closely together?

To send electrical impulses to the brain. The brain then interprets these impulses as different flavours

How are we able to smell?

By the receptors in the lining of our nose that respond to the molecules in the air.

Where do the receptors in the lining of your nose send impulses to?

The brain

What happens to the receptors in the lining of your nose that sends impulses to your brain?

The brain interprets the impulses and results in being able to recognize different smells

At what temperature must the human body be kept at?

37°C

How are the changes in the body temperature detected and controlled?

By the nervous system

What does the body do to cool down?

The body will start to sweat

What does the body do to warm itself?

The body will start to shiver

What are the health issues of the nervous system?

Strokes, degenerative diseases, mental heal problems, sensory organ problems, trauma and injuries to the brain and spinal cord and alcohol and drug abuse

What are the brain and skull protected by?

The skull and vertebral column

How are trauma and injuries caused?

Tissues in the central nervous system can be damaged by severe trauma and injuries

What are some examples of trauma and injuries?

Cars accidents

How could trauma and injuries come from a car accident?

If a person breaks their neck, the spinal cord could be damaged and the person could be paralyzed which connect the peripheral nervous system to the brain

How does damage to the spinal cord affect the nervous system?

It prevents the brain from sending and receiving messages to the body

What are strokes?

When blood flow to the brain is stopped. The blood clot deprives the brain from blood and oxygen which leads to a loss of brain function.

What are degenerative disorders?

Refers to conditions that cause a gradual loss of brain function over time

What are some examples of degenerative disorders?

Alzheimer’s disease, parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis

What are some examples of mental health problems?

Depression, anxiety disorders, personality disorders

How are sensory organs associated with the nervous system?

They receive stimuli from the environment

What problems could happen if something happened with the sensory organs?

Deafness, blindness and short sightedness

What happens to a person who consumes drugs and alcohol?

They could get addicted

Why do people who consume drugs and alcohol get addicted?

Because of the reactions that the products produce in the brain

What problems could happen to a person who consumes drugs and alcohol?

Irreversible brain damage, decreased learning capacity, loss of memory, increased risk of strokes and heart attacks and emotional and mental health problems

Write down numbers 1 - 4 naming the different parts of the brain

1. Frontal lobe

2. Cerebellum

3. Brain stem

4. Spinal cord