English 1H Semester 2 Exam Review Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards for the English 1H Semester 2 exam review guide.

Vocal Register

A distinct range of tones in the human voice.

Vocal Range

The span of notes a person can comfortably sing, from the lowest to the highest.

Vocal Tone

The unique quality or color of a voice when singing or speaking.

Timbre

The quality of a musical sound or voice distinct from its pitch and intensity.

Diction

The choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing.

Mood

A long-lasting, internal emotional state of feeling.

Nonverbal expressions

Signals and messages conveyed without using spoken words.

Word Fillers

Sounds, words, or phrases used to fill pauses in speech or writing.

1st Person POV

Tells a story from the narrator’s perspective using pronouns like “I,” “me,” “we,” and “us.”

2nd Person POV

Tells a story as if the reader is the character; pronouns include “you” and “your.”

3rd Person POV (limited)

The story is presented from a single character’s perspective while narrating the thoughts and feelings of the character; pronouns include “he,” “she,” “they,” and “it.”

3rd Person POV (objective)

The story is presented with the narrator acting as an observer and reporting on the events without revealing the character’s thoughts or feelings; pronouns are the same as 3rd person limited.

3rd Person POV (omniscient)

The story is presented with the narrator acting as an observer and reporting on the thoughts and feelings of ALL the characters.

Verbal Irony

A figure of speech where the speaker says one thing but means the opposite.

Situational Irony

Occurs when the outcome of a situation is the opposite of what was expected or considered appropriate.

Dramatic Irony

Occurs when the audience knows something that the characters don’t.

Allusion

An implied or indirect reference to a person, event, or thing or to a part of another text.

Theme

The meaning or message of a story or piece of literature.

Drama

A literary work that tells a story primarily through dialogue and action, intended for performance by actors.

Aristotle’s definition of a tragic hero

A character, typically the protagonist, who experiences a downfall due to a fatal flaw or error in judgement, leading to their misfortune.

Didactic Function of Drama

Intended to teach, often with a moral lesson.

Comedy

Type of drama which is to amuse.

Tragedy

A dramatic genre focusing on the suffering and downfall of a protagonist, leading to a disastrous conclusion.

Hamartia

A fatal flaw leading to the downfall of a tragic hero.

Hubris

Excessive pride or arrogance.

Catharsis

The process of releasing strong or repressed emotions.

Protagonist

The leading character of a fictional text.

Antagonist

A person who actively opposes someone or something.

Setting

The time and place in which a story occurs.

Aside

A remark in a play that is intended to be heard by the audience but unheard by the other characters in the play.

Dialogue (in drama)

Conversation between two or more people as a feature of fictional work.

Monologue

A long uninterrupted speech given by a single person.

Soliloquy

An act of speaking one’s thoughts aloud when by oneself.

Chorus (how it’s used in traditional Greek literature)

A group of performers who comment on the main action in a play.

Foil

A character who is presented as a contrast to a second character.

Act (in a drama)

A major section within a play.

Scene (in a drama)

A specific part of a play or film where the action happens in one place.

Mythology

The study of gods and myths.

Hera

The god of wives and jealousy.

Hermes

The god of messengers.

Zeus

The god of gods and lightning.

Poseidon

The god of water and was the person who prevents Odysseus from going home.

Ares

The god of war.

Apollo

The god of the sun.

Demeter

The goddess of harvest.

Aphrodite

The goddess of beauty and love.

Athena

The goddess of wisdom.

Dionysos

Greek god of wine and fertility.

Artemis

The goddess of hunting and animals.

Hephaestus

The god of blacksmiths.

Hades

The god of the underworld.

Argos

Odysseus’s dog.

Charybdis

A massive whirlpool that sucks in and spits out water three times a day.

Cyclops

A one-eyed giant.

Laertes

Odysseus’s father.

Lotus-Eaters

People who live on an island and eat lotus fruit.

Muse (as used in Greek mythology)

Goddesses of the arts and sciences.

Nostos

The theme of homecoming.

Omen

A sign believed to foretell the future.

Polyphemus

Cyclops who Odysseus blinds.

Scylla

Sea monster who lives in a cave near the Strait of Messina and preys on passing mariners.

Sirens

Creatures who lured sailors to their death with enchanting songs.

Aegis

A shield associated with Zeus or Athena which represents protection or power.

Ambrosia

A mythical food which was believed to grant immortality and long life to those who consume it.

In Media Res

A literary technique where a story begins in the middle of the action.

Coordinating Conjunctions

A conjunction placed between words, phrases, clauses, or sentences of equal rank. (FANBOYS)

Subordinating Conjunctions

Words that connect a dependent clause to an independent clause.

Conjunctive Adverbs

Words or phrases that connect independent clauses or sentences.

Direct Characterization

When an author explicitly describes a character’s traits and background.

Indirect Characterization

When the author hints at a character’s background or traits.

Figurative Language

A type of descriptive language used to convey meaning in a way that differs from its literal meaning.

Metaphor

A figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable.

Simile

A figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind, used to make a description more emphatic or vivid.

Hyperbole

A figure of speech that uses exaggeration for emphasis or to create a dramatic effect.

Personification

A figure of speech where human characteristics, like emotions or actions, are attributed to inanimate objects, abstract ideas, or animals.

Imagery

The use of descriptive language is used to create vivid mental pictures in the reader’s mind, appealing to their senses

Symbolism

Where an object, person, or action represents something else, usually an abstract idea or concept.

Internal Conflicts

Conflicts that happen in a characters brain

External Conflicts

Conflicts that happen outside of a person’s brain