Organ Systems Overview

This set of vocabulary flashcards covers the job functions and key organs of the ten primary human organ systems as described in the lecture notes.

Muscular System

Responsible for moving materials around the body, allowing the body to move and position itself, and making heat. Key organs include the heart, diaphragm, tongue, sphincters, skeletal muscles, and smooth muscle around vessels and digestive organs.

Cardiovascular System

Carries food, oxygen, and hormones to all cells and carries waste products away. Key organs include the heart and vessels such as veins, arteries, and capillaries.

Skeletal System

Gives support by making blood, storing minerals, protecting internal organs, and allowing muscle attachments. Key organs include bones, joints, cartilage, and tendons.

Digestive System

Breaks down food into nutrients, absorbs them into the blood, and removes toxins taken in through food or drink. Key organs include the mouth, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gall bladder, and pancreas.

Endocrine System

A system whose key organs include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, pineal gland, adrenal glands, ovaries, testes, thyroid, and pancreas.

Urinary System

Filters and cleans blood by removing cellular waste and maintains water balance. Key organs include the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.

Respiratory System

Responsible for the trade of oxygen for carbon dioxide, bringing in $O_2$ and removing $CO_2$ waste. Key organs include the nasal cavity/mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, and lungs.

Immune System

Filters and traps pathogens and makes white blood cells and antibodies to fight disease. Key organs include lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, bone marrow, appendix, tonsils/adenoids, and skin.

Integumentary System

Keeps internal parts in and outside stuff out, maintains body temperature, and protects tissues below. The main key organ is the skin.

Nervous System

Receives signals from the body and coordinates a response, telling other systems what to do. Key organs include the brain, spinal cord, and nerves (sensory nerves leading to the brain and motor nerves leading from the brain to muscles).

Muscular

Moves

Cardiovascular

Delivers

Skeletal

Supports

Digestive

Nourishes

Endocrine

Regulates

Urinary

Cleans

Respiration

Exchanges

Immune

Protects

Integumentary

Covers

Nervous

Communicates

Nervous

Job: communicates

Organs: brain, spinal cord,nerves

INTEGUMENTARY

Job: COVERS
Organs: Skin

IMMUNE

Job: PROTECTS
Organs: Lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, bone marrow, tonsils/adenoids, bone marrow, skin

RESPIRATORY

Job: EXCHANGES
Organs: Nasal cavity/mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, lungs

URINARY

Job: CLEANS
Organs: Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra

ENDOCRINE

Job: REGULATES
Organs: Hypothalamus, pituitary gland, adrenal glands, ovaries, testes, thyroid, pancreas

DIGESTIVE

Job: NOURISHES
Organs: Mouth, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas

SKELETAL

Job: SUPPORTS
Organs: Bones, joints, cartilage, tendons

CARDIOVASCULAR

Job: DELIVERS
Organs: Heart + blood vessels
(veins, arteries, capillaries)

MUSCULAR

Job: MOVES
Organs: Heart, diaphragm, tongue, sphincters, smooth muscle, skeletal muscles