TLM Chap 18 Endocrine System

The Language of Medicine Chapter 8 Endocrine System

dwarfism (hyposecretion)

Shortness in height that results from a genetic or medical condition.

hypogonadism

deficiency if gonadotropin

dips/o

thirst

gluc/o, glyc/o

sugar

goiter

enlargement of the spleen

hypersecretion

over activity of the thyroid

hyposecretion

hypothyroidism

myxedema

swelling of the skin

cretinism

extreme hypothyroidism during infancy in children

tetany

constant muscle contraction

adrenal virilism (hypersecretion)

excessive selection

cushing syndrome (hypersecretion)

obesity, moonface, thoracic fat deposition, high level of cortisol steroid

addison disease (hyposecretion)

deficient mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids, hyponatremia, fatigue, weakness, weight loss, low blood pressure

pheochromocytoma (hypersecretion)

benign tumor of adrenal gland medulla excess epinephrine and norepinephrine, hypertension, tachycardia, palpitations, severe headaches, sweating, flushing of the face, muscle spasms (surgery)

neuropathy

disease of the nerves

nephropathy

disease of kidney

retinopathy

disease of eye

ketoacidosis

high keytones, acid accumulates in body fats improperly

polyuria

excessive pee

polydipsia

excessive thirst

polyphagia

excessive hunger

acromegaly (hypersecretion)

enlargement of extremities

gigantism (hypersecretion)

before puberty

panhypopituitarism (hyposecretion)

deficiency of all pituitary hormones

aden/o

gland

calc/o, calici/o

calcium

kal/i

potassium (an electrolyte)

insulin/o

insulin

natr/o

sodium (an electrolyte)

pancreat/o

pancreas

Gonad/o

sex glands

home/o

sameness; unchanging; constant

myx/o

mucus

phys/o

growing

somat/i

body

ster/o

solid structure; steroid

toc/o

labor; birth

-agon

assemble, gather

-in, -ine

substance

-tropin

simulate; act on

-oxy

rapid; sharp; acid

tetra-

four